Diabetes: Testing

Question 1

Results indicating DM for fasting plasma glucose (FPG)

Answer 1

> 7.0mmol/L

Question 2

Results indicating DM for random capillary BG or PG (RBG/ RPG)

Answer 2

> 11.1mmol/L

Question 3

Results indicating DM for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

Answer 3

> 11.1 mmol/L at any point in the 2hr follow up

Question 4

Results indicating DM for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C)

Answer 4

> 6.5mmol/L

Question 5

Parameters of fasting plasma glucose (FPG)

Answer 5

Fasting = no caloric intake for at least 8 hours

Question 6

Parameters of random capillary BG or PG (RBG/ RPG)

Answer 6

Random = any time of the day, without regard to the interval since the last meal *repeat other dx test if RBG is +

Question 7

Parameters of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

Answer 7

75g of glucose load consumed and blood is tested every 1/2 hour for 2-3 hours

Question 8

Parameters of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C)

Answer 8

Venous blood draw. Determines if blood glucose has been elevated at any time over the previous 90-120 days. (5% = normal; >6.5% = diabetes)

Question 9

Early clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia

Answer 9

Diaphoresis
Tremors
Hunger
Nervousness
Anxiety
Pallor
Palpitations

Question 10

Late clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia

Answer 10

Seizures
Shock
Coma
Death

Question 11

Acute Hyperglycemia assessment

Answer 11

Level of consciousness
Confusion, drowsiness
Assess for sunken eyes
Assess for Kussmaul’s respirations
Nausea/ vomiting and cramping
Fruity breath
Dry mouth
Dry lips
Polyphagia
Polydipsia
Glycosuria
Dry skin
Decreased skin turgor