Liver P2 Flashcards
Injury to hepatocytes leads to cell necrosis from disorders such as?
Hepatitis. Drug and Alcohol induced Liver disease and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Injury of hepatocytes causes?
The release of intracellular contents (eg. the enzymes AST and ALT)
Hepatitis causes?
Viral infections, Hepatitis C, B or alcohol abuse
Acute Hepatitis characteristics?
Lasts for < 6 months; high bilirubin with jaundice; dark coloured urine; sudden, sharp onset with hepatocyte damage
Chronic Hepatitis?
Lasts for >6 months; jaundice may occur but urine unlikely to be affected; long term, steady, ongoing hepatocyte damage
What is cirrhosis?
Chronic end-stage liver disease
Characteristics of cirrhosis?
Portal hypertension, fibrosis, nodules of hepatocytes, hepatomegaly and leads to liver failure
What are ascites?
AKA third spacing, and caused by impaired liver which increases ADH and aldosterone leading to fluid retention
Factors leading to hepatic encephalopathy?
Hypogycamia and buildup of ammonia
Liver function test combine?
Marker of function (albumin & bilirubin) with markers of liver damage (ALT, AST)
ALT and AST are in hepatocytes, so inflammation suggests a?
Hepatic process
ALP are in cells lining the bile canaliculi, so it is raised in?
Biliary disease
GGT in liver cells, biliary system, raised in?
Hepatitis & cholestatsis
Hepatocelluar Pattern?
Raised ALT & AST
Cholestatic Pattern?
ALK, GGT, Bilirubin
Liver Failure Markers?
Albumin, INR
