Liver Function Test Flashcards
it is the CHIEF metabolic organ of the body?
liver
how mL of blood does liver RECEIVED per minute
15 mL
FUNCTIONS OF THE KIDNEY
- Synthetic function
- Conjugation function
- Detoxification and Drug metabolism
- Excretory and Secretory function
- Storage function
how many grams of ALBUMIN does a normal liver PRODUCE daily?
12 grams
how many BILIRUBIN is PRODUCED daily of a healthy adult?
200 - 300 mg
it is important for assessing NUTRITIONAL STATUS and presence of severe diseases involving LIVER, KIDNEY and BONE MARROW
total protein
Tests measuring the HEPATIC SYNTHETIC FUNCTION
- TOTAL PROTEIN
- PROTHROMBIN TIME
ALBUMIN
total protein Reference method but not routinely used
kjeldahl method
TOTAL PROTEIN
most widely used protein
biuret method
TOTAL PROTEIN
it has the HIGHEST ANALYTICAL SENSITIVITY
FOLIN CLOCALTEU (LOWRY) METHOD
TOTAL PROTEIN
reagent used in kjeldahl method
h2so4 (digesting agent)
TOTAL PROTEIN
reagent used in biuret method
- alkaline copper sulfate
- rochelle salt (NaK tartrate)
- NaOH and Potassium iodide
TOTAL PROTEIN
reagent used in folin clocalteu (lowry) method
phosphotungstic molybdic acid or phenol reagent
it is based on measurement of nitrogen content of protein
a. biuret method
b. folin clocalteu method
c. kjeldahl method
it is based on measurement of nitrogen content of protein
c. kjeldahl method
what is the equivalent 1 gram nitrogen to proteins?
a. 2.34 g
b. 6.54 g
c. 6. 64 g
what is the equivalent 1 gram nitrogen to proteins?
c. 6.54 g
end product of kjeldahl method?
ammonia
proteins absorbs light at what nm?
210 nm an 280 nm
migration of charged particles in an ELECTRIC FIELD
serum protein electrophoresis
Rheumatoid arthritis and malignancy would result to polyclonal gammopathy classified as?
chronic inflammation
the presence of SMALL SPIKES in BETA REGION is due to?
iron deficiency anemia
reagent used in SALT FRACTIONATION
SODUIM SULFATE SALT
alternative test to chemical analysis of serum total proteins
a. spe
b. refractometry
c. salt fractionation
alternative test to chemical analysis of serum total proteins
b. refractometry
globulin is insoluble in water but NOT in___________?’
a. dilute salt solution
b. sodium picric acid
c. NSS
globulin is insoluble in water but NOT in___________?’
a. dilute salt solution
it is detection of proteins as little as 1ug
a. nihydrin
b. refractometry
c. coomassie brilliant blue dye
it is detection of proteins as little as 1ug
c. coomassie brilliant blue dye
it is widely used for detection of peptides and amino acids after paper chromatography
nihydrin
increased total protein, EXCEPT
A. malignancy
B. hepatic cirrhosis
C. multiple myeloma
d. walderstrom’s macroglobulinemia
increased total protein, EXCEPT
B. hepatic cirrhosis
in ACUTE VIRAL or TOXIC HEPATITIS prolonged protime signifies?
massive cellular damage
Low Total Protein + Low Albumin =
a. hepatic cirrhosis
b. nephrotic syndrome
c. both
Low Total Protein + Low Albumin =
c. both
hepatic cirrhosis and nephrotic syndrome
DYES used for the measurement of albumin
- Bromcresol Green
- Methyl Orange (MO)
- Hydroxyazobenzene Benzoic acid ( HABA)
- Bromcresol Purple
MOST COMMON USED DYE in measurement of albumin
bromcresol Green
c = g
MOST SPECIFIC USED DYE in measurement of albumin
BROMCRESOL PURPLE
sPecific = PurPle
it is a dye can be used in automated analyzers for determining serum albumin in parallel with Biuret reagent of total protein
a. bcg
b. bcp
c. haba
d. mo
bcg
g= gamit na gamit heehehe
- IT IS ASSOCIATED WITH EXCESS AMOUNT OF THERAPEUTIC DRUGS IN SERUM
- IT IS THE PRESENCE OF ALBUMIN WITH UNUSUAL MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS IN THE BLOOD
A. analbuninemia
B. bisalbinunemia
b. bisalbinunemia
if GLOBULIN is GREATER THAN albumin it is called INVERTED A/G RATION it is seen in
- Cirrhosis
- Multiple Myeloma
- Walderstorm’s macroglobilenemia
it is the end product of hemoglobin metabolism
bilirubin
it is formed from destruction of heme containing proteins such as myoglobin, catalase and cytochrome oxidase
bilirubin
formula of delta bilirubin
tb - db + id = db
CAUSE: failure of the bile to flow to the intestine/impaired bilirubin excretion
a. pre hepatic jaundice
b. post hepatic jaundice
c. hepatocellular combined jaundice
CAUSE: failure of the bile to flow to the intestine/impaired bilirubin excretion
b. post hepatic jaundice
Bilirubin TRANSPORT deficit
a. Gilbert’s syndrome
b. Crigler- Najjar syndrome
c. Dubin Johnson syndrome
Bilirubin TRANSPORT deficit
a. Gilbert’s syndrome
what are the methods of bilirubin assay
- Evelyn and Malloy Method
2. Jendrassik and Grof
VAN DE BERG REACTION is diazotization of bilirubin to produce azobilirubun
a. Bilirubin assay
b. BSP dye excretion test
VAN DE BERG REACTION is diazotization of bilirubin to produce azobilirubun
a. Bilirubin assay
BUFFER for jendrassik and grof?
sodium acetate
coupling accelerator for evelyn and malloy method?
methanol
Terminates the initial reaction in jendrassik and grof and destroys the excess diazo reagent?
a. sodium acetate
b. ascorbic acid
c. caffein sodium benzoate
Terminates the initial reaction in jendrassik and grof and destroys the excess diazo reagent?
b. ascorbic acid
colorless end product of bilirubin metabolism
urobilinogen
what are the specimen in urobilinogen?
- 2hr freshly collected urine
2. freshly collected stool
method for urobilinogen
Ehrlich’s method (p-dimethyl aminobenzaldehyde reagent)
what are the test for DETOXIFICATION FUNCTION?
- Enzyme Tests
2. Ammonia
enzymes secreted in liver
G gt
O ct
LD
ALP
LAP
AMINOTRANSFERASES
5 NUCLEOTIDASE
liver is mahal so meaning its GOLD mapapaisip ka nalang san ka kukuha nang ganon mapapatitig ka nalang sa ALAPAAP.
tas tandaan nalang ung 5 nucleotidase
is is released from METABOLIC REACTIONS that occur in skeletal muscle during exercise
ammonia
preferred specimen in AMMONIA
a. arterial blood
b. venous blood
preferred specimen in AMMONIA
a. arterial blood
common methods for Ammonia
a. erhlich’s method
b. kjehdahl method and biuret method
c. berthelot and glutamate dehydrogenase
common methods for Ammonia
c. berthelot and glutamate dehydrogenase
