liver diseases Flashcards
liver cirrhosis
=Late stage of fibrosis of the liver caused by liver disease. When the liver gets injured, it tries to repair itself leading to scar tissue formation making it difficult for the liver to function, causing cell death and inflammation. The scar tissue leads to reduced blood flow affecting the liver’s ability to process nutrients, hormones, drugs and natural toxins
caused by: Alcohol abuse, Viral hepatitis B,C,D, Fat accumulation in the liver, Using shared needles, Diabetes, Iron builds up in liver, Autoimmune hepatitis, Destruction of bile ducts, Heart failure
risk factors: 45-54+, Diabetes, Cystic fibrosis, Wilson disease, Inherited disorder, Infection, Meds, Obesity, Unprotected sex
s&s: Fatigue, Easy bleeding and bruising , Nausea, Loss of appetite, Swelling of the legs, ankles and feet, Weight loss, Itchy skin, Jaundice, Fluid accumulation in abdomen, Redness of the hand palms, Loss of periods/ premature menopause, Loss of sexual drive, breast enlargement and testicular atrophy (males), Confusion, Blood in stool, Light-colored stool, Brown urine, Slurred speech
patho: Cirrhosis is an advanced stage of liver fibrosis that is accompanied by distortion of the hepatic vasculature. It leads to shunting of the portal and arterial blood supply directly into the hepatic outflow (central veins), compromising exchange between hepatic sinusoids and the adjacent liver parenchyma. The hepatic sinusoids are lined by fenestrated endothelia which rest on a sheet of permeable connective tissue (the space of Disse). In cirrhosis the space of Disse is filled with scar tissue and endothelial fenestrations are lost
