Liver: Cirrhosis and Tumors Flashcards
Hepatic adenoma association
oral contraceptives
regresses with cessation
at risk of rupture, esp during pregnancy when estrogen is high
Cell that mediates cirrhosis damage
Stellate cells (normally store vitamin A) secretes TGF-β
Renal failure in setting of cirrhosis
hepatorenal syndrome
Hormonal imbalances in cirrhosis
high estrogen state
(liver normally metabolizes estrogen)
gynecomastia, spider angiomata, palmar erythema
Coagulopathy in cirrhosis
due to decreased vitamin K activation
Cause of alcoholic hepatitis
acetaldehyde-mediated damage
usually in binge-drinking episodes
ALT and AST
alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
AST>ALT in alcoholic
(toAST, AST found in mitochondria, damaged by EtOH)
ALT>AST in non-alcoholic
Non-alcoholic fatty liver
associations
obesity
metabolic syndromes
What damages tissues in hemochromatosis
free radical generation from iron that is deposited in tissues
2˚ hemochromatosis
due to repeated blood transfusions
Sx triad in hemochromatosis
“bronze diabetes”
bronze skin, secondary DM, cirrhosis
Stain for hemochromatosis
Prussian blue stain
finds iron
*brown deposits on H&E stain
Wilson disease
defect
ATP7B defect
cannot transport Cu into bile for disposal
Labs in Wilson
decreased serum ceruloplasmin, elevated urine copper
Manifestations of Wilson disease
Kayser-Fleisher rings on cornea
cirrhosis
neurologic manifestations
