Liver & Biliary Flashcards
A&P Revision
The Liver is the body’s ______ largest organ.
Second
The Liver is the body’s ______ gland.
Largest
The Liver has how many lobes?
Four
The Liver holds the body’s great volume of what?
Blood
The Biliary System is responsible for:
production, storage, and transport of BILE.
The Biliary System contains:
Liver, Bile Ducts, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Small Intestine (Duodenum)
The Hepatic artery delivers:
oxygenated blood from the general circulation.
The Hepatic Portal vein delivers:
deoxygenated blood from the Small Intestine (Mesenteric veins) containing nutrients absorbed from the gut.
75% of the blood entering the liver is venous blood from:
the hepatic portal vein (deoxygenated and nutrient rich).
25% of the blood supply to the liver is:
arterial blood from the hepatic artery (deoxygenated).
From where does blood enter the liver partially oxygenated and nutrient rich?
Terminal branches of the hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery, which empty together and mix as they enter the liver.
All blood exits the Liver via the:
Hepatic vein
Blood leaving the Liver returns to the:
Heart
When the blood returns to the Heart via the Liver, it is (three things):
deoxygenated, detoxified, and contains homeostatic nutrient levels
Hepatic Lobules are:
functional units of the Liver
How many Hepatic Lobules are in the human Liver?
100,000
What blood vessel connects each set of hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein to the Hepatic vein?
Sinusoid
The Hepatic Lobules have what kind of lining?
highly fenestrated endothelial
Behind the Sinusoid walls are what?
Hepatocytes
Hepatocytes are what shaped cells?
Cuboidal
Hepatocytes carry out a wide range of what?
Homeostatic and detoxifying functions
Sinusoid walls are:
very thin without tight junctions
Sinusoid basement membranes act to do what:
filter blood contents
Bile produced by hepatocytes in the liver drain into tiny canals called
Bile canaliculi
Bile canaliculi drain into what?
bile ducts located around the lobule perimeter
80% of Liver Mass is accounted for what cell type?
Hepatocytes
Hepatocytes are what kind of cells?
Rounded nucleated cells with an abundance of cellular organelles
Hepatocytes are rounded nucleated cells associated with what functions?
metabolic and secretory functions, with high numbers of mitochondria
Golgi apparatus in the Liver are responsible for what?
Secretory functions
Hepatocytes lie adjacent to endothelial cells forming the walls of sinusoids; these two cell types are separated by a small space called what?
The space of Disse
Hepatocytes’ function are what?
Assimilation of digestive products, Formation and recirculation of bile salts
What cells are: A Type of macrophage, Patrol sinusoid space, Engulf bacteria from HPV preventing them from reaching generation, circulation, Destroy worn our RBC and WBC, Have a central role in mediating hepatoxocity
Kupffer cells
The Liver’s main functions are (9):
Carbohydrate metabolism; Fat metabolism; Bile formation; Storage of Vitamins; Synthesis of plasma proteins; Breakdown of Hemoglobin; Detoxification; Deamination of amino acids; Heat production
______ is an insoluble polysaccharide made of chains of monosaccharide glucose.
Glycogen
How much Glycogen is stored in the liver?
75%
How much Glycogen is stored in the muscles?
25%
