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Anatomy & Physio & Pathology CHE PTO2 > Liver & Biliary > Flashcards

Liver & Biliary Flashcards

A&P Revision

1
Q

The Liver is the body’s ______ largest organ.

A

Second

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2
Q

The Liver is the body’s ______ gland.

A

Largest

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3
Q

The Liver has how many lobes?

A

Four

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4
Q

The Liver holds the body’s great volume of what?

A

Blood

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5
Q

The Biliary System is responsible for:

A

production, storage, and transport of BILE.

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6
Q

The Biliary System contains:

A

Liver, Bile Ducts, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Small Intestine (Duodenum)

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7
Q

The Hepatic artery delivers:

A

oxygenated blood from the general circulation.

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8
Q

The Hepatic Portal vein delivers:

A

deoxygenated blood from the Small Intestine (Mesenteric veins) containing nutrients absorbed from the gut.

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9
Q

75% of the blood entering the liver is venous blood from:

A

the hepatic portal vein (deoxygenated and nutrient rich).

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10
Q

25% of the blood supply to the liver is:

A

arterial blood from the hepatic artery (deoxygenated).

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11
Q

From where does blood enter the liver partially oxygenated and nutrient rich?

A

Terminal branches of the hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery, which empty together and mix as they enter the liver.

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12
Q

All blood exits the Liver via the:

A

Hepatic vein

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13
Q

Blood leaving the Liver returns to the:

A

Heart

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14
Q

When the blood returns to the Heart via the Liver, it is (three things):

A

deoxygenated, detoxified, and contains homeostatic nutrient levels

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15
Q

Hepatic Lobules are:

A

functional units of the Liver

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16
Q

How many Hepatic Lobules are in the human Liver?

A

100,000

17
Q

What blood vessel connects each set of hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein to the Hepatic vein?

A

Sinusoid

18
Q

The Hepatic Lobules have what kind of lining?

A

highly fenestrated endothelial

19
Q

Behind the Sinusoid walls are what?

A

Hepatocytes

20
Q

Hepatocytes are what shaped cells?

A

Cuboidal

21
Q

Hepatocytes carry out a wide range of what?

A

Homeostatic and detoxifying functions

22
Q

Sinusoid walls are:

A

very thin without tight junctions

23
Q

Sinusoid basement membranes act to do what:

A

filter blood contents

24
Q

Bile produced by hepatocytes in the liver drain into tiny canals called

A

Bile canaliculi

25
Q

Bile canaliculi drain into what?

A

bile ducts located around the lobule perimeter

26
Q

80% of Liver Mass is accounted for what cell type?

A

Hepatocytes

27
Q

Hepatocytes are what kind of cells?

A

Rounded nucleated cells with an abundance of cellular organelles

28
Q

Hepatocytes are rounded nucleated cells associated with what functions?

A

metabolic and secretory functions, with high numbers of mitochondria

29
Q

Golgi apparatus in the Liver are responsible for what?

A

Secretory functions

30
Q

Hepatocytes lie adjacent to endothelial cells forming the walls of sinusoids; these two cell types are separated by a small space called what?

A

The space of Disse

31
Q

Hepatocytes’ function are what?

A

Assimilation of digestive products, Formation and recirculation of bile salts

32
Q

What cells are: A Type of macrophage, Patrol sinusoid space, Engulf bacteria from HPV preventing them from reaching generation, circulation, Destroy worn our RBC and WBC, Have a central role in mediating hepatoxocity

A

Kupffer cells

33
Q

The Liver’s main functions are (9):

A

Carbohydrate metabolism; Fat metabolism; Bile formation; Storage of Vitamins; Synthesis of plasma proteins; Breakdown of Hemoglobin; Detoxification; Deamination of amino acids; Heat production

34
Q

______ is an insoluble polysaccharide made of chains of monosaccharide glucose.

A

Glycogen

35
Q

How much Glycogen is stored in the liver?

A

75%

36
Q

How much Glycogen is stored in the muscles?

A

25%

37
Q
A

Anatomy & Physio & Pathology CHE PTO2 (10 decks)

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