Liver and Gallbladder

Question 1

haptoglobin, transferrin, hemopexin

Answer 1

made in liver, involved in iron transport

Question 2

where are albumins, lipoproteins (VLDLs), glycoproteins for iron transport, prothrombin and fibrinogen, and non-immune a and B globulin made

Answer 2

liver

Question 3

where are vitamins A, D, K, and iron stored

Answer 3

liver

Question 4

bile uses what compounds to act as emulsifying agents

Answer 4

waste products of erythrocyte destruction, bile salts

Question 5

bile is made in

Answer 5

liver

Question 6

bile is delivered to

Answer 6

duodenum

Question 7

glycogen storage, cholesterol metabolism, and urea synthesis happen in

Answer 7

liver

Question 8

exocrine function of liver

Answer 8

bile production

Question 9

endocrine function of liver

Answer 9

modifies action of hormones

Question 10

dual supply of blood to liver

Answer 10

hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery

Question 11

• 75% of liver’s blood volume
• DEPLETED OF O2
• rich in nutrients and toxic material form intestines
• contains erythrocyte breakdown products from spleen
• has endocrine secretions from pancreas and enteroendocrine cells of GI tract

Answer 11

hepatic portal vein

Question 12

• carries O2 blood
• mixes with venous blood before entering hepatic sinusoids
• 25% of liver’s blood volume

Answer 12

hepatic artery

Question 13

hepatic artery + portal vein travel + bile duct

Answer 13

portal triad

Question 14

portal triads are found in

Answer 14

Glisson’s capsule

Question 15

portal canal contains

Answer 15

hepatic artery,
lymphatic vessels,
nerve brances

Question 16

hepatic sinusoids are arranged radially around the

Answer 16

central vein (terminal hepatic venule)

Question 17

central hepatic vein empties into

Answer 17

sublobular veins

Question 18

central hepatic vein empties into sublobular veins, which join to form

Answer 18

hepatic veins

Question 19

central hepatic vein empties into sublobular veins, wich join to form hepatic veins, which empty into

Answer 19

inferior vena cava

Question 20

plates of hepatocytes (one cell thick) separated by sinusoidal capillaries; structural component of liver

Answer 20

parnechyma

Question 21

continuous with Glisson’s capsule, branches into smallest portal canals; structural component of liver

Answer 21

connective tissue stroma

Question 22

separate plates of hepatocytes; structural component of liver

Answer 22

sinusoidal capillaries (sinusoids)

Question 23

lie between sinusoidal epithelium and hepatocytes; structural component of liver

Answer 23

Perisinusoidal spaces (spaces of Disse)

Question 24

central vein (terminal hepatic venule) is at the center of

Answer 24

classic portal lobule

Question 25

portal lobule takes care of (endo/exocrine) function

Answer 25

exocrine

Question 26

football shaped; long axis between central veins; short axis between adjacent portal canals (between same central veins)

Answer 26

liver acinus

Question 27

first to receive oxygen, nutrients, and toxins from sinusoidal blood; last to die when circulation is impaired; first to regenerate

Answer 27

hepatocytes in Zone 1 of acinus

Question 28

hepatocytes, first to show ischemic necrosis, first to show fat accumulation

Answer 28

Zone 2 of acinus

Question 29

derived from monocytes; part of mononuclear phagocytic system; destroy aged erythrocytes, digest hemoglobin, destroy bactera

Answer 29

Kupffer cells (liver)

Question 30

hepatic sinusoids

Answer 30

discontinuous sinusoidal capillaries; large fenestrae; large gaps between

Question 31

site of exchange between blood and liver cells

Answer 31

space of Disse (perisinusoidal space)

Question 32

cells within space of Disse; primary storage site for hepatic vitamin A

Answer 32

Ito cells

Question 33

under chronic inflammation or cirrhosis Ito cells…

Answer 33

-lost storage ability
-transform into myofibroblasts
-synthesize collagen
=liver fibrosis

Question 34

what cells are responsible for liver fibrosis

Answer 34

Ito cells