Liver Flashcards
What is the largest gland in the body?
Liver
How heavy is the liver
1500 g or ~ 3 lbs.
Dimensions of the Liver
8” wide x 6.5” height x 4.5” deep
% of liver function needed for survival
10-20%
How many functions of the liver
over 500 functions
How many lobes in liver
4
Raw material for certain hormones and a building block for cell walls
Cholesterol
2 surfaces of the liver
diaphragmatic, visceral
aka liver cells
hepatocytes
little channels in the liver
canaliculi
liver organelle for storing sugar and regulation of blood glucose
glycosome
liver organelle that detoxifies blood-borne poisons
smooth ER
liver organelle that detoxifies other poisons like alcohol
peroxisomes
liver organelle that helps produce bile salts
smooth ER
liver organelle that is main energy source in hepatocytes
mitochondria
liver organelle that manufactures blood proteins
rough ER
location of liver in relation to diaphragm
Inferior to diaphragm in RUQ and epigastric area protected by ribs
mesentary binding liver to anterior abdominal wall
Falciform ligament
name the liver diseases discussed
Hepatitis (acute, viral, fulminant, chronic) alcoholic liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis non-alcoholic hepatitis steatosis cholestatic liver disease (primary biliary cirrhosis, cholangitis) inherited disorders
organelles of the liver
rough ER, smooth ER, peroxisomes, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, glycosome
part not covered by peritoneum
bare area fused to diaphragm
regeneration of liver is through?
liver stem cells
serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity; covers the liver
peritoneum
similar features with acute hepatitis but depicts more severe liver damage leads to a serious clinical state
acute liver failure
stagnation or marked reduction of bile secretion and flow
cholestasis
T or F: most iron in the body is stored in the liver
True
two known lobes of liver
R and L lobes
What are the conditions that come along with acute liver disease?
altered behavior consciousness (encephalopathy), small liver (hepatic atrophy), brain edema
What does the liver produce?
protein, glycogen, bile, cholesterol
what does the liver release as waste?
ammonia, bilirubin, bacteria, drugs and alcohol
what does the liver store?
glycogen, iron, fat-soluble vitamins
what has been discussed to pose a high risk of death without liver transplantation?
acute liver failure
what hormone from the pancreas triggers the release of glycogen
glucagon
What is the function of glycogen?
storage form of glucose
what is the process called wherein the liver converts glycogen back to glucose?
glycogenolysis
when is glycogen released by liver?
when blood glucose levels fall too low
where is bile secreted into
canaliculi
why does the liver produce the liver produce bile?
helps digest fats
why is protein produced by the liver?
for the bloodstream (albumin)
