Liver Flashcards
What is the largest parenchymal organ in the body?
Liver
What does parenchymal mean?
has tissue
The primitive gut is formed during the _____ week of embryonic life and is composed of these 3 parts:
4th
Foregut
Midgut
Hindgut
The _____ veins bring oxygenated blood from the embryonic portion of the placenta to the embryonic heart.
umbilical veins
The _____ veins return blood from the yolk sac to the heart.
vitelline veins
Vitelline veins eventually become what vessels?
portal veins
The liver comes from what part of the primitive gut?
the foregut
In prenatal live, oxygenated blood from the placenta is carried by the _____ _____ vein and _____ _____ to the IVC and _____ atrium.
left umbilical vein
ductus venosus
right atrium
List the various liver structures (6)
1) portal veins
2) hepatic veins
3) arteries
4) ducts
5) hepatic ligaments
6) hepatic fissures
The liver tissue sequentially moves into the _____ veins and then the _____ veins.
vitelline veins
umbilical veins
As the liver tissue moves into the vitelline veins, their midsection becomes _____, whereas their _____ ends become the _____ _____ veins and their _____ ends become the _____ _____ veins.
capillarized
caudal ends become the primitive portal veins
cranial ends become the early hepatic veins
After the right umbilical vein and part of the left umbilical vein degenerate during fetal development, the remaining left umbilical vein carries all the blood from the _____ to the _____.
placenta
fetus
An umbilical cord should contain _____ arter(ies) and _____ vein(s).
2 arteries
1 vein
The ductus venosus develops as a large shunt within the liver and allows blood to connect from the _____ _____ to the baby’s _____, by bypassing the _____.
umbilical cord
heart (right side)
liver
Direction of fetal circulation:
Umbilical Vein (ligamentum teres) l l \/ ? l l \/ ? (AKA ?) l l \/ ?
Umbilical Vein (ligamentum teres) l l \/ Left Portal Vein l l \/ Ductus Venosus (AKA Ligamentum Venosum) l l \/ IVC
The _____ _____ closes shortly after birth, when the umbilical cord is cut and blood flowing between the mother and fetus stops.
ductus venosus
The _____ _____ is a remnant of the ductus venosus. It runs from the _____ to the _____, separating the left LLL from the caudate lobe of the liver.
ligamentum venosum
LPV
IVC
The liver is covered by a thin connective tissue called
Glisson’s capsule
Glisson’s capsule covers the entire liver except the “_____ _____” near the dome of the liver, on the posterior surface of the RLL.
“bare area”
Glisson’s capsule is at its thickest around the _____ and the _____.
IVC
porta hepatis
These macrophages remove bacteria, foreign matter and weakened blood cells from the liver sinusoids (blood in the sinusoids).
Kupffer cells
T or F? Kupffer cells are around at all times, they just “hang out” if no infection.
True
The hepatic parenchyma is composed of _____ (type of cell) dispersed with Kupffer cells and organized into lobules approximately 1 x 2 mm in size.
hepatocytes
Typically about _____ million of these are found in the liver, and they are the functional units of the liver.
1 million
lobules