Liu 1 Flashcards
What is pediatric dentistry?
An age-defined specialty that provides both primary and comprehensive preventive and therapeutic oral health care for infants and children through adolescence, including those with special health care needs
What is a pediatric dentist?
The pediatric dentist id dedicated to the oral health of children from infancy through the teenage years. Properly trained pediatric dentist have had an extra two or three years of specialized training
The multifactorial nature of caries involves the 1. _____, 2. ________, 3. ______, and 4. ______.
- Host
- Substrate
- Bacteria
- Time
What has the CDC indentifies as the most prevalent infectious disease among children?
caries
What is the top reason children miss school according to the Surgeon General’s report?
Untreated dental disease
The presence of dental carries aged 2-5 years has increased from years _____ - ______ to 1999-2004.
1988-1994
Caries rate (2-11 yo) greater in lower SES and ______ and _______ non Hispanic populations
Hispanic
Black
The prevalence of total dental caries _______ in youth during the 6 years from survey period 2011 - 2012 through 2015-2016
declined
The prevalence of untreated dental caries 1. ______ from 2011-2012 through 2013-2014, and then 2. ________ for 2015-2016.
- increased
2. decreased
For National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) period 2015-2016, the prevalence of 1. _____ and 2.________ ________ _____ in primary or permanent teeth among youth aged 2-19 was 43.1% and 13% respecitively
- total
2. untreated dental caries
The prevalence of total dental caries was highest for 1. _______ youth compared with other race and Hispanic-origin groups. The presence of untreated dental caries was highest for non-Hispanic 2. ______ youth
- Hispanic
2. Black
Why are the primary teeth so important? (5)
- Proper chewing and eating
- Providing space for permanent teeth and guiding them into correct position
- Permit normal development of the jaw bones and muscles
- Speech development
- Esthetics
When does tooth formation begin?
7 weeks in utero
When does tooth mineralization begin?
4 months in utero
Baby teeth (upper teeth), when do they appear?
Central incisors - 8-12 months Lateral incisors - 9-13 months Cuspids - 16-22 months First molars - 13-19 months Second molars - 25-33 months
Baby teeth (lower teeth), when do they appear?
Central incisors - 6-10 months Lateral incisors - 10-16 months Cuspids - 17-23 months First molars - 14-18 months Second molars - 23-31 months
Adult teeth (upper teeth), when do they appear?
Central incisors - 7-8 years Lateral incisors - 8-9 years Cuspids - 11-12 years First bicuspids - 10 - 11 years Second bicuspids - 10-12 years First molars - 6- 7 years Second molars - 12 - 13 years Third molars - 17 - 21 years
Adult teeth (lower teeth), when do they appear?
Central incisors - ? Lateral incisors - ? Cuspids - 9 - 10 years First bicuspids - 10 - 12 years Second bicuspids - 11-12 years First molars - 6- 7 years Second molars - 11 - 13 years Third molars - 17 - 21 years
When does primary eruption begin and when is it completed by?
begins: around 6 months
completed: 24-30 months
Do maxillary or mandibular teeth erupt first?
Mandibular
What is the eruption sequence for primary teeth?
- Central incisors
- Lateral incisors
- First Molars
- Canines
- Second Molars
When does permanent eruption begin and when is it completed by?
begins: 5-6 years (mandibular)
completed: 13-14 years except 3rd molars
According to AAPD (American Academy of Pediatric Dentist) every child should visit the dentist by?
By his/her first birthday
Dental Home
Professional intervention within six months after the eruption of the first primary tooth or no later than the 1st year of life, directed at factors affecting the oral cavity, counseling on oral disease risk and deliver anticipatory guidance
When doing an infant examination what is recommended?
Often better to examine older cooperative sibling first
How should you examine an infant?
Knee to knee Soft tissue evaluation Hard tissue evalution Toothbrush prophy Fluoride Varnish
Should you recommend “Orajel” for tooth eruption discomfort?
No
What symptoms are associated with tooth eruption?
localized areas of discomfort Irritability Excess Salivation Low Grade Fever "Fussy Baby"
What is the primary tooth eruption sequence?
- Lower central
- Upper centrals
- All laterals
- All First Molars
- All Canines
- All Second Molars
What is the rule of 7+4?
7 months after first tooth erupts - 4 teeth \+ 4 months = 8 teeth \+ 4 months = 12 teeth \+ 4 months = 16 teeth \+ 4 months = 20 teeth
What kind of disease is often associated with the eruption of primary teeth?
viral herpes; last about 10-14 days; palliative care; sometimes prescribed magical mouth wash
When should tooth care begin for babies?
When first tooth erupts, twice a day
For kids under the age of three how much toothpaste should you use?
Smear - 0.1 mg fluoride
For kids 3-5 how much toothpaste should you use?
Pea sided amount - 0.2 mg of fluoride
What is a disclosure agent?
Give to kids to show areas of plaque build up. It is pink
What are the different methods of administration of fluoride?
Systematic & Topical
How is fluoride beneficial? (3)
- Increasing the resistance of tooth structure to demineralization
- Enhancing the process of remineralization
- Reducing the cariogenic potential of dental plaque
What happens if you have too much fluoride?
- Fluorosis
- White spots on teeth
How much fluoride do adults need?
0.6 - 0.7 ppm
OTC rinses ____ recommended for children under the age of 6
not
What are professionally applied fluoride products?
- Fluoride varnish
- Concentrated fluoridated gels and foams
When should bottle or breast weaning stop?
12 months
NEVER put a child to bed with a _____.
bottle
Transition to _____ - cup after weaning
sippy
_____ only in sippy cup between meals
water
Juice and milk are OK along with _____, as mechanical action of eating will help cleanse the teeth.
meals
How much juice can you give children under the age of 1?
none
T/F
Natural fruit juices are recommended over artificially flavored juices
T
T/F
Juices should be given to infants in a sippy cup rather than a bottle
When should babies stop using a pacifier?
By 2 yrs
Thumb/Fingers - considered normal behavior until age __.
4
Malocclusion can occur if pt does not stop sucking thumb, using bottle T/F
T
Fissure Sealants
Describes a material that is introduced into the occlusal pits and fissures of caries susceptible teeth, thus forming a micromechanically bonded, protective layer cutting access of caries producing bacteria from the source of nutrients
