Literature Units 1 and 3

Question 1

plot

Answer 1

a sequence of events in a story NOT analytic

Question 2

conflict

Answer 2

the struggle b/w two opposing ppl or forces as a protagonist struggles with one or more antagonists

friction that requires action to be taken

Question 3

protagonist

Answer 3

the main character of a story

the action of the story revolves around the protagonist and the conflict he/she faces

Question 4

antagonist

Answer 4

the character/force the protagonist struggles against & must overcome

Question 5

5 major types of conflict

Answer 5

1. protagonist vs. nature
2. protag vs. society
3. protag vs. another person
4. protag vs. supernatural being (god-like force, technological creation, etc.)
5. protag vs. him/herself (internal)

Question 6

what does the setting reveal?

Answer 6

mood, plot, characters, and theme

Question 7

setting and mood

Answer 7

sets overall mood of the story

Question 8

setting and plot

Answer 8

the setting is important at each point in the plot

Question 9

setting and characters

Answer 9

shows the characters’ physical & psychological strengths/weaknesses as they interact w/ the setting

Question 10

setting & theme

Answer 10

says something about life

Question 11

chronological order

Answer 11

events in the order in which they occurred

Question 12

flashbacks

Answer 12

an account of a conversation, episode, or event that happened before the beginning of a story or at an earlier point

interrupts the main action

shows how the past led to the present

provides background info

Question 13

en media res

Answer 13

begins in the middle of a crisis or conflict

Question 14

circular/framing structure

Answer 14

parallel opening & closing

Ex: A House on Mango Street begins & ends at the same address

Question 15

foreshadowing

Answer 15

a writer’s use of hints or clues in early scenes to suggest events that will occur later

prepares the reader for events to come later - often in the climax/resolution

creates suspense

makes readers eager to keep reading

Question 16

how do writers build characters?

Answer 16

reveal STEAL

Speech

Thoughts (private/spoken)

Effects on others (reaction)

Actions

Looks (appearance)

Question 17

1st person

Answer 17

tell their own stories (using PN’s like I, me, and we)

tell us what they think and feel

not always reliable

limited understanding of other characters

story seems more real

Question 18

dramatic monologue

Answer 18

a type of poem in which a speaker addresses one/more silent listeners

narrator often discusses a specific prob/situation, talks abt his/her life & values, reveal his/her relationship w/ the audience

Question 19

soliloquy

Answer 19

a long speech in which a character who is onstage alone expresses his or her thoughts aloud

character may discuss specific prob/situation, or reveal his/her deepest private thoughts

Question 20

dialogue

Answer 20

conversation b/w characters.

pay attention to: what characters say & don’t say; how characters respond to each other

Question 21

Thoughts

Answer 21

note whether the characters’ thoughts & feelings match their speech & actions

what is revealed thru the character’s thoughts and feelings?

Question 22

Effect on Others

Answer 22

Note what the others say abt the character/how characters behave in the character’s presence

Question 23

Actions

Answer 23

Observe to determine:

what their personality is like

what motivates them

how they deal w/ conflict

Question 24

What draws readers into a story?

Answer 24

vivid, complex characters whose problems & triumphs draw forth our emotions & reveal some truth abt humankind

Question 25

subordinate characters

Answer 25

add depth & complication to the plot. sidekicks

Question 26

flat characters/2-dimensional characters

Answer 26

a character who reveals only one, maybe two, personality traits in a story or novel, and the trait(s) do not change.

Question 27

round characters

Answer 27

a well developed character who demonstrates varied and sometimes contradictory traits. usually dynamic

Question 28

background characters

Answer 28

add to the truth/believability/versimilitude of the story. "narrative furniture" less than subordinate

Question 29

dynamic characters

Answer 29

change or grow as a result of the story's actions learn something abt thmselves, other ppl, or the world as they struggle to resolve their conflicts the changes that a dynamic character undergoes contribute to the meaning of the story Ex: Ebenezer Scrooge

Question 30

static characters

Answer 30

a character that remains primarily the same throughout a story or novel. Events in the story do not alter a static character’s outlook, personality, motivation, perception, habits, etc.

Question 31

motivation

Answer 31

drives a character's actions explains behaviors, reveals personality often based on character's fears, conflicts, needs can be observed from characters' behavior, speech, actions

Question 32

author's characterization tools

Answer 32

clues to communicate characters to the reader: 1. the character's name 2. the character's physical appearance 3. the character's occupation 4. what the character's home or surroundings are like 5. the character's habits 6. what others say about the character 7. what the narrator says about the character

Question 33

direct characterization

Answer 33

the writer makes direct statements about a character's personality and tells what the character is like telling shorter, less imagination

Question 34

indirect characterization

Answer 34

the writer reveals info abt a character and his personality thru STEAL showing

Question 35

third person

Answer 35

narrator is not a character in the story may not be an identifiable person but merely a voice limited, omniscient, objective often know more abt more characters might not feel as connected to the story

Question 36

limited 3rd person

Answer 36

the thoughts and feelings of ONE person r discussed

Question 37

omnisicient 3rd person

Answer 37

he/she knows the thoughts & feelings of ALL of the characters

Question 38

objective 3rd person

Answer 38

no thoughts & feelings r discussed

Question 39

2nd person

Answer 39

the writer takes control of the reader, using pronouns such as you, your, and you're instructive if giving directions speechwriting letterwriting bossy if told what to think or how to feel

Question 40

motif

Answer 40

reoccurring theme or device

Question 41

theme/thesis

Answer 41

the meaing of the work as a whole, the message the author is trying to convey

Question 42

central symbol

Answer 42

a person/place/obj/gesture/image that stands for something else or that has a greater meaning in addition to what it really is

Question 43

exposition

Answer 43

info the audience needs about what has occurred before the action starts

Question 44

climax

Answer 44

the turning point (often in the most dramatic part)

Question 45

falling action

Answer 45

the part following the climax (different from resolution - not all stories have a resolution)

Question 46

important for analysis?

Answer 46

EVIDENCE

Question 47

internal conflict

Answer 47

the struggle occurring within a character's mind

Question 48

external conflict

Answer 48

a struggle occurring outside the mind of a character

Question 49

tone

Answer 49

the writer's attitude toward the material and/or readers. Tone may be playful, formal, intimate, angry, serious, ironic, outraged, baffled, tender, serene, depressed, etc.

Question 50

diff b/w static and flat characters

Answer 50

static character doesn't change from beginning to end of book. flat character is a character that has only one side, and is unimportant to the story.

Question 51

Speech

Answer 51

What does the character say? How does the character speak?