LITERATURE Flashcards
It is a Allegorical narrative that deals with Gods, Demigods and legendary heroes of a particular group of people
Mythology
In ancient greek mythology, the 12 olympian gods and goddes ruled over human affairs
The 12 Olympians
The King of Gods
He held dominion over the earth and sky and was the ultimate arbitrator of law and justice. He controlled the weather using his ability to hurl thunder
Zeus
ruled as queen of
the gods. As the
goddess of marriage
and fidelity, Though faithful, she was also vengeful and tormented many of Zeus’s extramarital partners.
Hera
God of the Sea
power to produce
storms, floods, and
earthquakes. He
was also the
protector of
seamen
Poseidon
Goddess of Harvest
Known as the
“good goddess” to
the people of the
earth, oversaw farming,
agriculture, and
the fertility
Demeter
Goddess of War and Wisdom
Athena
Goddess of the
Moon and the
Hunt
was the
patron goddess of
feminine fertility,
chastity, and
childbirth, and
was also heavily
associated with
wild animals. The
bear was sacred
Artemis
God of the Sun,
Light and Music
Apollo
He learned the
blacksmith’s trade,
built himself a
workshop, and
became the god of
fire, metallurgy,
sculpture, and crafts,
though to a lesser
extent than his sister
Athena.
Hephaestus
Goddess of
Love, Beauty
and Sexuality
Aphrodite
God of Violent
War
Ares
Messenger of the Gods
Hermes
God of wine
He was the only
Olympian to be born
of a mortal mother,
and perhaps that
was part of the
reason why he
spent so much time
among mortal men,
travelling widely
and gifting them
with wine
Dionysus
Goddess of the earth
she is famously known for her perpetual virginity.
Hestia
Kings of underworld
Hades
Two extras
Hestia and Hades
was one of the primordial deities in Greek mythology, a Titan who ruled over the oceans and waters.
Oceanus
Titan goddess of freshwater. Raised Hera and, as a favor to Hera, punished Callisto and Arcas by making their constellations eternally circle the sky (Ursa Major & Minor).
Tethys
Titan god of light, wisdom, and vigilance. Married his sister Thea; they fathered Helios (sun), Selene (moon), and Eos (dawn). Also, with three brothers, formed the pillars separating the heavens.
Hyperion
Titan goddess of the sun and light. Considered ravishingly beautiful, she was the perfect match for her brother, Hyperion. She also imbued gold, silver, and gems with radiance and spoke through an oracle.
Thea
Titan god of oracles, wisdom, and foresight. Keeper of the north pillar. Married Phoebe; their children, Asteria and Leto, were important in later mythology (Leto bore Apollo and Artemis).
Coeus
Titan goddess of prophecy and intellect. Grandmother of Apollo and Artemis; the twins were sometimes called Phoebus and Phoebe.
Phoebe
Titan god of constellations. Married his half-sister Eurybia. Fought with the Titans against the Olympians and was imprisoned in Tartarus as a result.
Crius
Titan goddess of memory. The voice of the underground Oracle of Trophonius. Did not marry a brother but gave birth to the nine Muses after sleeping with Zeus for nine days.
Mnemosyne
Titan god of mortal life and/or death; god of craftsmanship. Married Clymene; their four sons (Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus, Menoetius) were ancestors of humans and passed on negative traits (brash courage, scheming, stupidity, violence).
Lapetus
Titan goddess of law, order, and justice. Represented natural and moral order. Became Zeus’ second wife and helped him rule. Initially the main oracle at Delphi, she later gave it to Apollo.
Themis
Titan ruler of the universe. Strongest of the Greek Titans. Overthrew his father, Uranus. Learned a prophecy that one of his children would dethrone him, so he swallowed all his children as they were born. Ruled during a Golden Age.
Cronus
Titan goddess of fertility. Wife of Cronus. To protect her son, Zeus, from being swallowed by Cronus, she secretly gave him a stone swaddled in baby clothes instead. With Gaea’s help, she hid Zeus in a cave on Crete.
Rhea
Ancient greek epic poem written in dactylic hexameter and it narrates an episode of Trojan War fought betweem the Archaean Greeks against the Trojans
-story narrated in Medias Res.
-it comprises 24 books of varying length
Illiad
King of Mycenae, leader of the Greeks
Agamemmon
Leader of Myrmidons, half divine hero
Achilles
The williest Greek commander and hero of Odyssey
Odysseus
Son of Telamon, he is second to Achilles in martial prowess
Ajax the Greater
King of Sparta, brother of Agamemnon
Menelaus
Son of Achillesbl, killed king Priam of Troy
Neoptolemus
King of Argos
Diomedes
Partner of Ajax the greater
Ajax the lesser
Achilles closest companion
Patroclus
King of Pylos, and trusted advisor to Agamemnon
Nestor
Son of Nestor
Antilochus
Arms beare of hercules
Philoctetes
A prophet of Mycenae
Calchas
A blind prophet
Tiresias
Son of King Priam and foremost Trojan Warrior
Hector
Son of Anchises and Aphrodite
Aeneas
Helen’s love abductor
Paris
Brother od Hector and Paris
Deiophobus
The aged of King of Troy
Priam
A prudent commander whose advice is ignored
Polydamas
A trojan warrior who attempts to fight Achilles
Agenor
Son of Zeus killed by Patroclus
Sarpedon
Friend of sarpedon
Glaucus
A spy upon the greek camp
Dolon
King Priam advisor who argues for returning helen to end the war
Antenor
Son of Priamnand Laothoe
Polydorus
Famous archer and son of Lycaon
Pandarus
Mother or hector, Cassandra, Paris and others
Hecuba
Abducted by paris, cause of war
Helen
Priams daugther, courted by apollo
Cassandra
A trojan woman captured by the Greeks, she was Achilles prize of the Trojan War
Briseis
Daughter of Chryses, a trojan priest of apollo
Chryseis
(The goddess of discord) threw a golden apple with the inscriptiojn”For the fairest”
Eris
The golden apple went to?
Aphrodite
The most beuatiful woman in the worldnl, wife of Menalus. Rulers of Sparta
Helen
Paris left the nymph, oenone his wife at Mt. Ida
True
Paris broke this trust and snatched helen with the help of Aphrodite
Paris went to Sparta as a visiting ally.
The cause of war, Helen Abduction
Are summoned, the wat will not be won without them
Odysseus and Archilles
A place of dangerous winds and tides
Aulis
Was a suitor of helen fulfilling his vow.He was the first casualty of the war killed by hector.
His name means “first to be slain”
Protesilaus
Hermes brought him up from the dead to see once again his deeply, mourning wife
Laodamia
He recalled his troops the?____
Who are the best warriors, back to camp
Myrmidons
Was set between Menelaus, the wronged husband and Paris the abductor
A duel
She persuades Pandarus to break the truce and shoot an arrow to Menalaus
Athena
An episode/day glorious bravery and gallantry in battle
Aristeia
Book 5 is the aristeia of Diomedes. Book 5 is also entitled as?
Other hero have their own aristeia too
Diomedia
The ethereal fluid flowing in the veins of the God
Ichor
