Literacy Flashcards
What are the steps in typical reading development?
Grasping the alphabetic principle —> phonological awareness —> phonemic awareness — > phonics and sight words —- > language comprehension
What is phonological awareness?
knowing that words are made of parts that can be moved around based on rules in a given language
What is the alphabetic principle?
letters are connected to certain sounds and their connection is predictable
What is phonics?
letter-sound relationships; it is based on the alphabetic principle
What is phonemic awareness?
phonemes in a word can be manipulated
What is the literacy level of Pre-K children?
They do not yet understand the alphabetic principle or that they must decode words. They have a rudimentary understanding of phonological awareness such as rhyming
What is the literacy level of Kindergarten children?
They can recognize most of, if not all, sounds in the alphabet and they can decode some words. They have some issues with spelling words and identifying vowels that sound similiar but have different spelling. They depend on pictures and sentence contexts to read words.
What is the literacy level of Grade 1 children?
Their decoding skills improve and they rely less on pictures and sentence contexts to read words because they can recognize more words automatically. Their oral language comprehension is better than their reading comprehension
What is the literacy level of Grade 2 children?
They can decode unfamiliar long words and consolidate common letter patterns in order to read words faster and automatically. This helps them to improve their spelling abilities.
What is the literacy level of Grade 3 children?
They have mastered basic word decoding skills and use strategies for reading comprehension (questioning, summarizing, and inferencing); their spelling has improved and they rely on vocabulary knowledge and morphological knowledge.
