Listenings Ch. 39-46 Flashcards
J.S. Bach Prelude and Fugue (no. 114)
Year: 1722
Genre: Prelude and fugue
Musical characteristics:
- Includes a toccata-like cadenza.
- Subject and two countersubjects
Context:
- Originally written for his son as an etude
- Binary-like form
J.S. Bach Brandenburg Concerto (no. 115)
Year: 1721
Genre: Concerto
Musical Characteristics:
- Nine ritornello sections
- Split into three sections with cadenza
Context:
- Technical harpsichord cadenza
- Features virtuosity in performance
J.S. Bach “ruft uns die stimme” movement 1 (no. 116a)
Year: 1731
Genre: Cantata
Musical characteristics:
- Chorale Fantasia
- For spiritual reflection and aestically pleasing
Context:
- For St. Thomas Church
- Tells a story of a bride and groom
J.S. Bach “ruft uns die stimme” movements 3 and 4 (no. 116c,d)
Year: 1731
Genre: Cantata
Musical characteristics:
- Da capo aria
- Heavy contrast and clear melody
Context:
- Uses violino piccolo
- d: Arranged for organ
J.S. Bach B minor mass Crucifixus (no. 117)
Year: 1749
Genre: Mass
Musical characteristics:
- Chromatically descending ground bass
- Descending minor seconds and tritones
Context:
- Performed in Frankfurt
- Expresses grief and suffering
John Gay “The Beggar’s Opera” (no. 119a-d)
Year: 1728
Genre: Ballad Opera
Musical characteristics:
- Contains spoken dialogue
- In english and contains simple melodies
Context:
- Extremely popular among public
- About a man who tries to balance a wife and a mistress
Pergolesi La serva Padrona (no. 120a,b)
Year: 1733
Genre: Opera Buffa
Musical characteristics:
- contains continuo underneath solo singers
- Spoken dialogue, solos and duets
Context:
- Originally written as an intermezzo
- Soprano and bass lead parts
Rousseau “Le Devin du village (no. 121)
Year: 1752
Genre: Opera Comique
Musical characteristics:
- Contains a direct and spontaneous melody
- Duet is mostly in unison to create a unified effect
Context:
- originally an intermede
- Rousseau believed in an emphasis on melody as opposed to harmony
Gluck Orfeo Aria and chorus (no. 122a,b)
Year: 1762
Genre: Italian libretto
Musical Characteristics:
- Contains recitative and aria
- For two orchestras, chorus and solo singers
- Dramatic piece
Context:
- Lead role is castrato
- Similar to opera seria traditions
Gluck Orfeo Obbligato and Aria (no. 122c,d)
Year: 1762
Genre: Italian libretto
Musical characteristics:
- Dramatic and driving rhythms
- Solo singers with two orchestras
Context:
- Today male lead is played by a women
- Uses castrato male lead
Stamitz Symphony in E flat major (no. 124)
Year: 1755
Genre: Symphony
Musical characteristics:
- Uses Mannheim style
- Energetic rhythms
Context:
- Stamitz was both a conductor and virtuosic violinist
- In a sonata-like form
Carl Bach Fantasia (no. 126)
Year: 1753
Genre: Fantasia
Musical characteristics:
- Wandering and unpredictable nature
- Contrasting melod gestures and phrase lengths
Context:
- Meant for creativity of the performer
- Uses Bebung vibrato for clavichord
J.C. Bach Piano Sonata (no. 127)
Year: 1766
Genre: Piano Sonata
Musical characteristics:
- In galant style
- Contrasting second theme
Context:
- He was a student of C.P.E. Bach
- Clear cut sections and defined thematic functions
Haydn Symphony No. 6 (no. 128)
Year: 1761
Genre: Symphony
Musical characteristics:
- Progrommatic music of the rising sun
- Chromatically ascending line played by violins
Context:
- Written for Esterhazy family in Vienna
- One of three total symphonies written
Haydn The “Bird” Quartet (no. 129)
Year: 1781
Genre: String quartet
Musical characteristics:
- Motivic development
- Less contast between instruments, textures and dynamics than his symphonies
Context:
- Uses musical equality
- Sounds like a conversation between four instruments
