LISP + VXLAN+VPN

Question 1

An EID is the IP address of an endpoint within a LISP site. EIDs are the same IP addresses in use today on endpoints (IPv4 or IPv6), and they operate in the same way.

Answer 1

Endpoint identifier (EID)

Question 2

This is the name of a site where LISP routers and EIDs reside.

Answer 2

LISP Site

Question 3

are LISP routers that LISP-encapsulate IP packets
coming from EIDs that are destined outside the LISP site.

Answer 3

Ingress Tunnel Router (ITR)

Question 4

are LISP routers that de-encapsulate LISP- encapsulated IP packets coming from sites outside the LISP site and destined to EIDs within the LISP site.

Answer 4

Egress Tunnel Router (ETR)

Question 5

refers to routers that perform ITR and ETR functions (which is most routers).

Answer 5

Tunnel router (xTR)

Question 6

are just like ITRs but for non-LISP sites that send traffic to EID destinations.

Answer 6

Proxy ITR (PITR)

Question 7

act just like ETRs but for EIDs that send traffic to destina- tions at non-LISP sites.

Answer 7

Proxy ETR (PETR)

Question 8

refers to a router that performs PITR and PETR functions.

Answer 8

Proxy xTR (PxTR)

Question 9

is a router that performs the functions of any or all of the
following: ITR, ETR, PITR, and/or PETR.

Answer 9

LISP router

Question 10

is an IPv4 or IPv6 address of an ETR that is Internet facing or network core facing.

Answer 10

Routing Locator (RLOC)

Question 11

This is a network device (typically a router) that learns EID-to-prefix mapping entries from an ETR and stores them in a local EID-to-RLOC mapping database.

Answer 11

MAP Server (MS)

Question 12

This is a network device (typically a router) that receives LISP-encapsulated map requests from an ITR and finds the appropriate ETR to answer those requests by consulting the map server.

Answer 12

MAP Resolver (MR)

Question 13

When MS and the MR functions are implemented on the same device,

Answer 13

Map server/map resolver (MS/MR)

Question 14

This IP header is added by an ITR to encapsulate the EID IP
addresses.

Answer 14

Outer LISP IP header

Question 15

The UDP header contains a source port that is tactically selected by an ITR to prevent traffic from one LISP site to another site from taking exactly the same path even if there are equal-cost multipath (ECMP) links to the desti- nation; in other words, it improves load sharing by preventing polarization. The desti- nation UDP port used by the LISP data plane is 4341.

Answer 15

Outer LISP UDP header

Question 16

This field is a 24-bit value that is used to provide device- and path-level net- work virtualization. In other words, it enables VRF and VPNs for virtualization and seg- mentation much as VPN IDs do for MPLS networks. This is useful in preventing IP address duplication within a LISP site or just as a secure boundary between multiple organizations.

Answer 16

Instance ID

Question 17

defines a MAC-in-UDP encapsulation scheme where the original Layer 2 frame has a VXLAN header added and is then placed in a UDP-IP packet. With this MAC-in-UDP encapsulation, this tunnels the Layer 2 network over the Layer 3 network.

Answer 17

VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN)

Question 18

protocols that performs authentication between two endpoints to establish security associations (SA)

Answer 18

IKE (Internet Key Exchange)