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Encor350-401 > Architecture > Flashcards

Architecture Flashcards

1
Q

data center network topology that consists of two switching layers—a spine and leaf. The leaf layer consists of access switches that aggregate traffic from servers and connect directly into the spine or network core. Spine switches interconnect all leaf switches in a full-mesh topology.

A

Spine-Leaf Architecture

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2
Q

cisco defines 3 layers of hierarchy, the core,distribution, and access each with specific function

A

3-Tier Architecture

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3
Q

It’s also known as collapsed core design because it’s only 2 layers. In this the distribution layer is merged with the core layer.

A

2-Tier Architecture

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4
Q

Access layer is commonly referred to as

A

Network edge

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5
Q

relies on switch clustering such as a virtual switching system (VSS) and stacking technologies such as StackWise, in which multiple physical switches act as a single logical switch

A

Simplified Campus Design

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6
Q

is an alternative configuration in which Layer 3 is extended all the way to the access layer switches.

A

Layer 3 Access Layer (router access)

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7
Q

Traditional LAN designs use a Layer 2 access layer and a Layer 3 distribution layer. The distribution layer is the Layer 3 IP gateway for access layer hosts.

A

Layer 2 Access Layer (STP Based)

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8
Q

is a hop redundancy protocol that is designed to provide redundancy to the gateway router within the organization’s network by the use of a virtual IP address and virtual MAC address

A

First Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP)

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9
Q

is a Cisco-proprietary router redundancy protocol that enables a cluster of routers to cooperate, and all routers are willing to be a default router. All the routers within the cluster will have the same virtual IP address and virtual mac address.

A

Hot-Standby Router Protocol (HSRP)

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10
Q

is the process of mirroring information between RPs (route processor). This checkpoints Layer 2 protocol states and line card operation.It designates one of the RPs as the active RP and the other as the standby RP, and it also fully instantiates the standby RP and then synchronizes critical state information between the RP

A

Stateful Switchover Operation (SSO)

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11
Q

The number of time the signal makes one complete up and down cycle in 1 second

A

Frequency

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12
Q

also commonly referred as the network edge, is where end-user devices
or endpoints connect to the network.

A

Access Layer

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13
Q

Aggregate access layer switches in a given building or campus. Provides boundary between the layer 2 domain of access layer and layer 3 domain of core layer.

A

Distribution layer

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14
Q

the backbone and
aggregation point for multiple networks and provides scalability, high availability, and fast
convergence to the network.

A

Core Layer

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15
Q

HSRP V1 vs V2

A

V1 - 256 Group
V1 - Mac 0000.0C07.AC.XX
V1 - Multicast 224.0.0.2
V2 - 4096 Group
V2 - Mac 0000.0C9F-FXXX
V2 - Multicast 224.0.0.102

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16
Q

VRRP

A

Similar to HSRP
Preempt is enabled by Default
Can use same IP
Mac 0000.5e01.00XX
Mcast 224.0.0.18

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17
Q

is a Cisco proprietary solution for load balancing and redundancy in an IP network

A

GLBP
Mcast Address - 224.0.0.102
Mac - 0007.B40x.xxyy

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18
Q

allows for the forwarding of data packets to continue along known routes while the routing protocol information is being restored following a switchover.

A

NSF (Non-stop forwarding)

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19
Q

is an ARP Response that was not prompted by an ARP Request. sent as a broadcast, as a way for a node to announce or update its IP to MAC mapping to the entire network.

A

Gratuitous Arp

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20
Q

Stand-alone wireless deployment.

A

Autonomous Wireless Deployment

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21
Q

Wireless Deployment where AP loses its Basic service sets (BSS) for wireless users. It joins WLC to become a fully functional

A

Lightweight AP

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22
Q

Wireless Deployment Design consideration

A

Capacity
Coverage

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23
Q

Cisco Platform to integrate Real-time location services (RTLS)

A

Cisco Prime Infrastructure
DNA Centre
Cisco Mobile Experiences (CMX)
Cisco Mobility Services Engine (MSE)

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24
Q

where each mapped area is influenced by an RF calibration template that more closely resembles the actual signal attenuation expe- rienced by the APs and clients.

A

RF Fingerprinting

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25
Q

Which WLC deployment allow dropping of traffic through local switch

A

Branch and cloud wireless deployment

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26
Q

What wireless overlap are recommended for 1. Data and 2. Voice and Video

A
  1. 20% for Data
  2. 35% for Voice and Video
27
Q

5 Characteristics of Cloud Computing according to NIST

A
  1. On demand self-service
  2. Broad network access
  3. Resource pooling (multitenancy)
  4. Rapid Elasticity
  5. Metered services
28
Q

Cloud Service Models

A

Infrastructure as a Services (IAAS)
Platform as a Services (PAAS)
Software as a Services (SAAS)

29
Q

Cloud Deployment models

A

Public
Private
Hybrid
Community

30
Q

the automation tool from Cisco that can be used for the automation of several datacenter tasks.

A

UCS Director

31
Q

is an architecture designed to make a network more flexible and easier to manage. centralizes management by abstracting the control plane from the data forwarding function in the discrete networking devices.

A

Cisco SDN (Software Define Networking)

32
Q

Cisco SD-WAN component

A

1.VManage (configuraition-use RestAPI)
2. VSmart (control plane - push policy)
3. VEdge (Edge routers)
4. VBond (OOB Orchestrator )

33
Q

provides a mechanism to install, manipulate, and delete the configuration of network devices. It uses an Extensible Markup Language (XML)-based data encoding for the configuration data as well as the protocol messages.

A

Netconf

34
Q

is an architectural style for an application program interface (API) that uses HTTP requests to access and use data. That data can be used to GET, PUT, POST and DELETE data types, which refers to the reading, updating, creating and deleting of operations concerning resources.

A

RestAPI

35
Q

is an all-in-one TCP-based protocol, similar to BGP, that establishes and maintains the SD-WAN control plane

A

Cisco Overlay Management Protocol (OMP)

36
Q

the software or hardware routers at your sites and responsible for the data plane of the SD-WAN. connect to a vSmart controller through a Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) connection.

A

vEdge

37
Q

is the term used to refer to edge routers of a Cisco SD-WAN implementation. They are the same type of entity as the vEdge but they run an IOS XE SD-WAN software image as opposed to a Viptela operating system (ViptelaOS)

A

cEdge

38
Q

this is a controller for your network, it is responsible for managing all control and data policies by using special Overlay Management Protocol (OMP)

A

vSmart

39
Q

is a software module that authenticates the Cisco vSmart Controllers and the edge routers in the overlay network and coordinates connectivity between them. It must have a public IP address so that all Cisco vEdge devices in the network can connect to it

A

vBond

40
Q

is a single pane of glass network management system (NMS) GUI that is used to configure and manage the full SD-WAN solution. It enables centralized provisioning and simplifies network changes.

A

vManage

41
Q

a feature that allows a WAN Edge router to communicate over the WAN transport connected to the adjacent WAN Edge router through a TLOC-extension interface

A

TLOC Extension

42
Q

is a type of data processing that inspects in detail the data being sent over a computer network, and may take actions such as alerting, blocking, re-routing, or logging it accordingly

A

DPI (Deep Packet Inspection)

43
Q

allows the solution to recognize applications and/or traffic flows and set preferred paths throughout the network to serve them appropriately according to their application requirements.

A

Application Aware Routing (AAR)

44
Q

is a set of capabilities that extend the Cisco SD-WAN overlay fabric to a public cloud instance. is designed to automate the connectivity to IaaS workloads and most importantly to provide visibility into the cloud.

A

Cloud on Ramp for IaaS

45
Q

is a set of Cisco SD-WAN capabilities designed to address the challenges that Software-as-a-Service applications impose on the wide-area network.

A

Cloud on Ramp for SasS

46
Q

is a cloud-based analytics service for Cisco SD-WAN offering comprehensive insights into application and network performance. License required

A

Cisco vAnalytics

47
Q

measures the quality of a cloud SaaS application connection on a scale of 0 to 10, 0 being the worst and 10 being the best quality.

A

vQoE (Viptela Quality of Experience)

48
Q

is an architecture designed to make a network more flexible and easier to manage. centralizes management by abstracting the control plane from the data forwarding function in the discrete networking devices.

A

SDN (Software Defined-Network)

49
Q

is the network management and command center for Cisco DNA, your intent-based network for the enterprise. Provision and configure all your network devices in minutes. Use advanced artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to proactively monitor, troubleshoot, and optimize your network.

A

Cisco DNA Centre

50
Q

Software Define Architecture Four Basic Layer

A
  1. Physical Layer
  2. Network Layer
  3. Controller Layer [DNA Centre]
  4. Management Layer
51
Q

provides onboarding and mobility services for wired users and devices (including fabric-enabled WLCs and APs) connected to the fabric. It is a LISP tunnel router (xTR) that also provides the anycast gateway, endpoint authentication, and assignment to overlay host pools (static or DHCP), as well as group-based policy enforcement (for traffic to fabric endpoints).

A

Fabric Edge Node

52
Q

is a LISP map server/resolver (MS/MR) with enhanced functions for SD-Access, such as fabric wireless and SGT mapping. It maintains a simple host tracking database to map EIDs to RLOCs.

A

Fabric Control Plane Node

53
Q

are LISP proxy tunnel routers (PxTRs) that connect external Layer 3 networks to the SD-Access fabric and translate reachability and policy information, such as VRF and SGT information, from one domain to another.

A

Fabric Border Nodes

54
Q

connects APs and wireless endpoints to the SD-Access fabric. The WLC is external to the fabric and connects to the SD-Access fabric through an internal border node.

A

Fabric Wireless Controller

55
Q

This is a subsystem integrated directly into Cisco DNA Center that provides all the underlay and fabric automation and orchestra- tion services for the physical and network layers.

A

Cisco Network Control Platform (NCP)

56
Q

is a data collection and analytics and assurance subsystem that is integrated directly into Cisco DNA Center.

A

Cisco Network Data Platform (NDP)

57
Q

provide all the identity and policy services for the physical layer and network layer.provides network access control (NAC) and identity services for dynamic endpoint-to-group mapping and policy definition in a variety of ways, including using 802.1x, MAC Authentication Bypass (MAB), and Web Authentication (WebAuth).

A

Cisco ISE (Identify Service Engine)

58
Q

4 Steps Workflow in DNA Centre Management

A
  1. Design
  2. Policy
  3. Provision
  4. Assurance
59
Q

is routing architecture that provides new semantics for IP addressing. The current IP routing and addressing architecture uses a single numbering space, the IP address, to express two pieces of information:

-Device identity
-The way the device attaches to the network

A

LISP (Location Identifier Separation Protocol)

60
Q

an encapsulation protocol that provides data center connectivity using tunneling to stretch Layer 2 connections over an underlying Layer 3 network

A

VXLAN

61
Q

an umbrella term for security improvements to Cisco network devices based on the capability to strongly identify users, hosts and network devices within a network. provides topology independent and scalable access controls by uniquely classifying data traffic for a particular role.

A

Cisco TrustSec

62
Q

uses machine learning on an application to determine the flow characteristics such as malware analysis and crypto audit. Based on the flow-record associated with flow-monitor, the switch creates an exporter template that shows NetFlow records with derived collect fields.

A

ETA (Encrypted Traffic Analytics)

63
Q
A

Encor350-401 (10 decks)

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