lipoproteins

Question 1

in vertebrates, most cholesterol is synthesized in the liver then exported as: (hint 4 answers)

Answer 1

-bile acids
-biliary cholesterol
-cholesteryl esters (storage)
-lipoproteins (delivers to different parts of body)

Question 2

cholesterol and phospholipids are: hydrophobic, hydrophilic or amphipathic?

Answer 2

amphipathic - they have reasonable solubility in water but also have part of structure that prefer not to be associated with water

Question 3

triacylglycerols are: hydrophobic, hydrophilic or amphipathic?

Answer 3

hydrophobic

Question 4

if triacylglycerides/lipids are hydrophobic, how are they transferred to different parts of the body?

Answer 4

packages with proteins into a hydrophilic macromolecule complex called a lipoprotein

Question 5

lipids are carried through the plasma on spherical particles; the surface is made up of ______ and the interior contains _______

Answer 5

protein; TAG’s, cholesterol and cholesteryl esters

Question 6

what are the 4 major classes of lipoprotein particles?

Answer 6

-chylomicrons
-VLDL
-LDL
-HDL

Question 7

this lipoprotein contains the most triglycerides and the least amount of protein therefore it is the least dense therefore will float to the top of the centrifuge. - large particle

Answer 7

chylomicrons

Question 8

this lipoprotein contains the most proteins and less triglycerides (therefore is the most dense) - tiny particle

Answer 8

HDL

Question 9

this lipoprotein contains the most cholesterol

Answer 9

LDL

Question 10

this lipoprotein deliver triglycerides from the intestines that are derived from food intake to the liver

Answer 10

chylomicrons

Question 11

this lipoprotein deliver triglycerides derived from the liver to non-hepatic tissues

Answer 11

VLDL

Question 12

this lipoprotein delivers cholesterol and cholesteryl esters derived from the liver to non-hepatic tissueS

Answer 12

LDL

Question 13

this lipoprotein removes excess cholesterol from non-hepatic tissues

Answer 13

HDL

Question 14

are proteins that bind lipids to form lipoproteins. They transport lipids in blood, cerebrospinal fluid and lymph. it is the protein part of a lipid protein particle

Answer 14

apolipoprotein

Question 15

this apolipoprotein is associated with the chylomicron lipoprotein. its function is cholesterol transport/clearance

Answer 15

apoB-48

Question 15

this apolipoprotein is associated with the chylomicron lipoprotein. its function is cholesterol transport/clearance

Answer 15

apoB-48

Question 16

this apolipoprotein is associated with VLDL and LDL. its function is to bind to LDL receptor

Answer 16

ApoB-100

Question 17

these two apolipoproteins never fall off a lipoprotein; thus they are non-exchangeable. all other app’s can fall off a lipoprotein and are exchangable

Answer 17

ApoB-48 and ApoB-100

Question 18

this apolipoprotein is generated in the intestine through the enzymatic removal of an amine group (deamination) from a specific cytidine on the mRNA sequence for apoB-100 mRNA sequence

Answer 18

apoB-48

Question 19

this is the major protein component of HDL. has several functions including maintaining the structure of HDL, interacting with lipid transporters (ABCA1) and activating lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)

Answer 19

ApoA-1