Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

lipids 1 > lipids terms > Flashcards

lipids terms Flashcards

1
Q

Essential components, required for many body functions

A

lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lipids, commonly referred to as

A

fats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

are ubiquitous constituents of al living cells and have a dual role.

A

lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The lipids transported by

A

lipoprotein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the principal lipids found in cell membranes and intracellular lipid droplets.

A

triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol, and cholesteryl esters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

is it true or false
The smaller the diameter of the molecule, the more dense the molecule

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

are the only lipoproteins currently routinely measured in the clinical laboratory

A

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Five major lipoproteins:

A

Chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), LDL, and HDL
intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL), and Lp(a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

contain three fatty acid molecules attached to one molecule of glycerol by ester bonds

A

triglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

they only have two esterified fatty acids.

A

phospholipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

an unsaturated steroid alcohol containing four rings (A, B, C, and D), and it has a single C-H side chain tail similar to a fatty acid in its physical properties

A

cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lipids are commonly referred to as fats and composed mostly of

A

carbon-hydrogen bonds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

lipids are insoluble in

A

blood and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

lipids are soluble in

A

organic solvent such as chloroform and ether

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Major Functions of Lipids

A
  1. Primary sources of fuel
  2. Provide stability to cell membrane
  3. Sources of hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Major Lipids in Plasma (arranged according to abundance)

A
  1. Phospholipids
  2. Cholesterol
  3. Triglycerides
  4. Fatty acid
  5. Fat soluble vitamins (ADEK)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

(Conjugated Lipid)

A

phospholipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

It is the most abundant lipids derived from phosphatidic acid.

A

phospholipid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

phospholipid is the most abundant lipids derived from ____

A

phosphatidic acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

phospholipids are originates in

A

liver and intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Reference value: phospholipids

A

150-380 mg/dL (serum)

22
Q

alter fluid surface tension

A

surfactant - phospholipids

23
Q

Deficiency of surfactant leads to

A

neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)

24
Q

forms of phospholipid

A
  1. lecithin/phosphatidyl choline= 70%
  2. sphingomyelin= 20%
  3. cephalin=10%
25
Q

It is the only phospholipid in membranes that is not derived from glycerol but from an amino alcohol called ____

A

sphingomyelin=sphingosine.

26
Q

It accumulates in the liver and spleen of patients suffering from ____

A

sphingomyelin=Niemann-Pick disease (lipid storage disorder)

27
Q

cholesterol transport and excretion is promoted by

A

estrogen

28
Q

Reference value: Desirable of cholesterol

A

< 200 mg/dl.

29
Q

Borderline = cholesterol

A

200-239 mg/dL

30
Q

✓ High Cholesterol =

A

≥ 240 mg/dL

31
Q

Precursor of five major classes of steroids:

A

progestins, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgens and estrogens.

32
Q

forms of cholesterol

A

cholesterol ester = 70%
free cholesterol = 30%

33
Q

It is found in plasma and serum.
It is the cholesterol bound to fatty acid (hydrophobic form).

A

Cholesterol Ester (CE) - 70%

34
Q

Cholesterol Ester (CE) - 70% undergoes esterification by

A

Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (LCAT)

35
Q

Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (LCAT) synthesize in

A

liver

36
Q

Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (LCAT) activator

A

APO-1

37
Q

It is found in plasma, serum and RBCs.

A

unesterified/Free Cholesterol (FC) - 30%

38
Q

It is a polar nonesterified alcohol.

A

Free Cholesterol (FC) - 30%

39
Q

It is produced via lysosomal hydrolysis and becomes available for membrane, hormone, and bile acid synthesis.

A

Free Cholesterol (FC) - 30%

40
Q

Liebermann Burchardt Reaction
End product

A

Cholestadienyl Monosulfonic Acid (green end color)

41
Q

Salkowski Reaction
End product

A

Cholestadienyl Disulfonic Acid (red end color)

42
Q

cholesterol esterification through the action of

A

acyltransferase enzyme

43
Q

lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio

A

> 2

44
Q

phospholipid mass can be determined by multiplying phospholipid phosphorus concentration by

A

25

45
Q

inactive form of cholesterol

A

cholesterol ester

46
Q

excess cholesterol is re esterified by

A

acyl-coA cholesterol acyltransferase

47
Q

normally present in human plasma

A

LCAT

48
Q

A polar non-esterified alcohol

A

unesterified/free cholesterol

49
Q

inactive form w/ cytotoxic property

A

unesterified/free cholesterol

50
Q

serum total cholesterol increases at ___ between ___ years old

A

2 mg/dl/year
45 to 65 years old

51
Q

fasting requirement for cholesterol

A

8-12 hours

lipids 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions