Lipids

Question 1

Structure

Answer 1

glycerol + fatty acid

Question 2

Physical properties

Answer 2

1. Fats are solids while oils are liquids at rtp
2. Non-polar organic compounds
3. Insoluble in water
4. Soluble in non-polar solvent
5. Melting points increase with increasing chain length and saturation
6. Specific gravity
7. Color

Question 3

Classification

Answer 3

1. Simple lipids (alcohol + one or more fatty acids)
2. Complex lipids (alcohol, fatty acids and other components)
3. Derived lipids (formed by metabolic transformation of fatty acids)

Question 4

Saturated fatty acids

Answer 4

No double bond

Question 5

Unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 5

At least one C=C double bond

Question 6

Essential fatty acids

linoleic and linolenic

Answer 6

Cannot be synthesized in the body but are required for normal functioning of the body

Question 7

Chemical properties

Answer 7

Saponification - heating of a fat with a strong base to produce glycerol and the salt of a fatty acid