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General Biology 1 > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

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1
Q

Are smaller and simpler than complex carbohydrates and they’re grouped together because they share an inability to dissolve in water. This is because of their chemical bonds are mostly nonpolar and hydrophobic class of carbon containing compounds

A

LIPIDS

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2
Q

3 types of lipids

A
  • FATS
  • Steroids
  • Phospholipids
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3
Q

Are composed of 3 fatty acids that have a long carbon skeleton usually 16-18 carbon atoms in length and are linked to a 3 carbon molecule called

A

glycerol

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4
Q

What is the monomer of lipids?

A

glycerol

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5
Q

3 fatty acid is equal to?

A

triglycerides

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6
Q

is a simple polyol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic.

A

Glycerol

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7
Q

long chain 3 fatty acid through dehydration
reaction they are called

A

Triacylglycerols or Triglycerides

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8
Q

The reason Fats are hydrophobic because of the?

A

nonpolar C-H bonds in the hydrocarbon chains

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9
Q

If the carbon atoms in a fatty acid are connected to each other with single bonds, all of the carbon end up connected to at least 2 hydrogen atoms. One of them picks up the third hydrogen atom so the fatty acid is Saturated with hydrogen.

A

Saturated Triglyceride

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10
Q

carbon atoms are connected to each other with double bonds and they’re not able to pick up those hydrogen atoms. This means they’re NOT saturated with Hydrogen and they are unsaturated fatty acids.

A

Unsaturated Triglycerides

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11
Q

Whenever the number of hydrogen is less than 2 per carbon
atom, Unsaturated fatty acid have double bonds in carbon
chain. On the other hand, Saturated fatty acids have no
double bonds at all.

A

UNSATURATED AND SATURATED

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12
Q

is considered by many doctors to be the worst type of fat you can eat.

A

Trans fats

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13
Q

trans fat is also called as?

A

trans-fatty acids

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14
Q

LDL means?

A

bad

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15
Q

HDL means?

A

good

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16
Q

Give an example of Trans Fats

A
  • Baked goods
  • Snacks
  • Fried food
  • Creamer and margarine
17
Q

essential fatty acids are found in?

A

fish oils, especially from salmon and other cold-water fish

18
Q

What is an example of fats?

A

Omega-3

19
Q

LDL meaning

A

low-density lipoproteins

20
Q

are the two principal omega-3 fatty acids

A
  • EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
  • DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)
21
Q

EPA meaning

A

eicosapentaenoic acid

22
Q

DHA meaning

A

docosahexaenoic acid

23
Q

are 3 fatty acid chains connected to a glycerol

A

Triglycerides

24
Q

Swap one of those acids out for a Phosphate
and you will have _____

A

Phospholipids

25
Q
  • Is a lipid molecule with a phosphate group (PO4) attached to it, which serves as its hydrophilic head. Its hydrophobic tail is composed of two non polar fatty acid chain groups
  • is a prominent type of lipid molecule present in the plasma membrane.
A

Phospholipids

26
Q

have a backbone of four interconnected carbon rings which can be used to form hundreds of variations. The most fundamental is Cholesterol which binds with phospholipids to help form a cell walls/membrane. But also can be manipulated to form other lipid hormones

A

Steroids

27
Q
  • is a common component of animal cell membrane and is also the precursor from which other steroids, such as Vit D, sex hormones and cortisone are synthesized
A

Cholesterol

28
Q

Are lipids bad for the body?

A

Fats are essential to our body

29
Q

the most fundamental of steroids

A

cholesterol

30
Q

two non polar fatty acid chain

A

hydrophobic tail

31
Q

manufactured form of trans fat known as partially

A

hydrogenated oil

General Biology 1 (6 decks)

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