Lipids Flashcards
Are smaller and simpler than complex carbohydrates and they’re grouped together because they share an inability to dissolve in water. This is because of their chemical bonds are mostly nonpolar and hydrophobic class of carbon containing compounds
LIPIDS
3 types of lipids
- FATS
- Steroids
- Phospholipids
Are composed of 3 fatty acids that have a long carbon skeleton usually 16-18 carbon atoms in length and are linked to a 3 carbon molecule called
glycerol
What is the monomer of lipids?
glycerol
3 fatty acid is equal to?
triglycerides
is a simple polyol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic.
Glycerol
long chain 3 fatty acid through dehydration
reaction they are called
Triacylglycerols or Triglycerides
The reason Fats are hydrophobic because of the?
nonpolar C-H bonds in the hydrocarbon chains
If the carbon atoms in a fatty acid are connected to each other with single bonds, all of the carbon end up connected to at least 2 hydrogen atoms. One of them picks up the third hydrogen atom so the fatty acid is Saturated with hydrogen.
Saturated Triglyceride
carbon atoms are connected to each other with double bonds and they’re not able to pick up those hydrogen atoms. This means they’re NOT saturated with Hydrogen and they are unsaturated fatty acids.
Unsaturated Triglycerides
Whenever the number of hydrogen is less than 2 per carbon
atom, Unsaturated fatty acid have double bonds in carbon
chain. On the other hand, Saturated fatty acids have no
double bonds at all.
UNSATURATED AND SATURATED
is considered by many doctors to be the worst type of fat you can eat.
Trans fats
trans fat is also called as?
trans-fatty acids
LDL means?
bad
HDL means?
good
Give an example of Trans Fats
- Baked goods
- Snacks
- Fried food
- Creamer and margarine
essential fatty acids are found in?
fish oils, especially from salmon and other cold-water fish
What is an example of fats?
Omega-3
LDL meaning
low-density lipoproteins
are the two principal omega-3 fatty acids
- EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
- DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)
EPA meaning
eicosapentaenoic acid
DHA meaning
docosahexaenoic acid
are 3 fatty acid chains connected to a glycerol
Triglycerides
Swap one of those acids out for a Phosphate
and you will have _____
Phospholipids
- Is a lipid molecule with a phosphate group (PO4) attached to it, which serves as its hydrophilic head. Its hydrophobic tail is composed of two non polar fatty acid chain groups
- is a prominent type of lipid molecule present in the plasma membrane.
Phospholipids
have a backbone of four interconnected carbon rings which can be used to form hundreds of variations. The most fundamental is Cholesterol which binds with phospholipids to help form a cell walls/membrane. But also can be manipulated to form other lipid hormones
Steroids
- is a common component of animal cell membrane and is also the precursor from which other steroids, such as Vit D, sex hormones and cortisone are synthesized
Cholesterol
Are lipids bad for the body?
Fats are essential to our body
the most fundamental of steroids
cholesterol
two non polar fatty acid chain
hydrophobic tail
manufactured form of trans fat known as partially
hydrogenated oil
