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General Biology 1 > Lesson 1: Cell Structure and Function > Flashcards

Lesson 1: Cell Structure and Function Flashcards

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1
Q

is the process by which cells obtain food molecules to support their other activities.

A

Nutrition

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2
Q

is the process by which food particles are broken down into smaller soluble units suitable for cell use with the help of
enzymes.

A

Digestion

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3
Q

is the process by which cells absorb water, minerals and other materials essential to life from their environment.

A

Absorption

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4
Q

is the process by which all cells organize complex chemicals from simple building units or substances.

A

Biosynthesis

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5
Q

is the process by which by-products of all cell activities which are not needed for further cell functioning are eliminated.

A

Excretion

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6
Q

is the process by which insoluble, non-digested
particles are eliminated by the cell.

A

Egestion

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7
Q

is the process by which substances that are synthesized by the cells are expelled from the membrane. This elimination process helps in the functioning of the body

A

Secretion

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8
Q

is a process which includes the locomotion of cell by means of special structures like cilia or flagella.

A

Movement

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9
Q

is the process by which cells respond or react to external factors or conditions around them. Cells can alter their functions in response to changes their environment.

A

Irritability

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10
Q

is the process of breaking down food molecules into chemical energy needed by all cells in order to function.

A

Respiration

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11
Q

is a process by which a cell copies or replicates its DNA and increases its number by cell division. It gives rise to new cells as a result, organisms grow.

A

Reproduction

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12
Q

What are the three (3) principal parts of a cell?

A
  1. Cell membrane
  2. Cytoplasm
  3. Nucleus
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13
Q

is covered with a membrane that allows materials to pass in and out

A

nucleus

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14
Q

it contains DNA

A

control center

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15
Q
  • is a semipermeable membrane that facilitate the movement of molecules inside and outside the plant or animal cell.
  • is often pictured as fluid mosaic model.
A

cell membrane

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16
Q

is a viscous fluid or jelly like material where organelles are embedded.

A

Cytoplasm

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17
Q
  • are called the “powerhouses” of cells.
  • they produce much of the energy a plant or animal cell
    needs to carry out its functions
  • converts energy
A

Mitochondria

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18
Q

What does ATP mean?

A

Adenosine Triphosphate

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19
Q

What does ADP mean?

A

Adenosine Diphosphate

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20
Q

is the storage area of the cell

A

Vacuole

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21
Q

is a series of tunnels throughout the cytoplasm.

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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22
Q

from one part of the cell to another that is why they are called as the transport center of the cell.

A

Transport Proteins

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23
Q

ribosome free and functions in detoxification of lipids.

A

Smooth

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24
Q

contains ribosomes and releases newly made protein from the cell.

A

Rough

25
Q

What are the two (2) types of Endoplasmic Reticulum?

A
  • Smooth
  • Rough
26
Q

are the protein factories of the cell.

A

Ribosomes

27
Q

receive proteins and other compounds from the ER.

A

Golgi bodies

28
Q

contain hydrolytic enzymes that can break things down.

A

Lysosomes

29
Q
  • is a series of fibers made from proteins. It provides structure to the cell and gives it its shape.
  • it provide pathways for certain cellular molecules to move about just as tracks are provided for railroad cars
    or trains.
  • it is also found in structures like the cilia and flagella which both aid in movement.
A

Cytoskeleton

30
Q

is a rigid organelle composed of cellulose that gives plant cell its boxlike shape.

A

Cell wall

31
Q

are double membrane bound organelles found in plants.

A

Plastids

32
Q

which are colorless organelles that store starch

A

Leucoplasts

33
Q

which contain colored pigments like chloroplast.

A

Chromoplasts

34
Q

What are the two (2) Types of Plastids?

A
  • Leucoplasts
  • Chromoplasts
35
Q

are paired organelles found only in animal cell. They are located together near the nucleus, at right angles to each other. They are essential in building cilia and flagella and also
as spindle fiber during cell division.

A

Centrioles

36
Q

will help you break down food (digest fats)

A

Lipase

37
Q

will help break down food enzymes and water

A

Hydrolysis

38
Q

Meiosis is for?

A

Mother

39
Q

is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells

A

Mitosis

40
Q

cells cant live without?

A

Oxygen

41
Q

phosphate means?

A

Energy

42
Q

kidney filters out?

A

Toxins

43
Q

lipids are also called as?

A

Fats

44
Q

how is protein made?

A

Amino acids

45
Q

saccharide is another term for?

A

Sugar

46
Q

polysaccharide has a lot of?

A

Sugar/many sugar

47
Q

starch is another term for?

A

Carbohydrates

48
Q

What are the three (3) main types of carbohydrates?

A
  • Sugar
  • Starch
  • Fiber
49
Q

What are the three (3) channels of protein?

A
  • Channel Protein
  • Peripheral Protein
  • Integral Protein
50
Q

RBC, WBC, and Platelets are considered as?

A

Vessel

51
Q

Too much water can lead to?

A

Comatose

52
Q

Macro means?

A

bigger

53
Q

Micro means?

A

smaller

54
Q

a mixture of DNA

A

Chromatin

55
Q

carbohydrates converts?

A

energy

56
Q

Too much uric acid can trigger?

A

arthritis

57
Q

CHO consists of

A

carbohydrates and fats

58
Q

CHON consists of

A

protein

General Biology 1 (2 decks)

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