Lipids Flashcards
Lipids
one large class of biological molecules that do not form polymers
used: energy storage, membranes, protections
- identifying feature of lipids is having little to no water
- hydrophobic because they are made from mostly hydrocarbons which from non polar covalent bonds
Fats
made from glycerol + fatty acids
- glycerol is a three carbon alcohol with a hydroxyl group attached to each carbon
- a fatty acid consists of a carboxyl group attached to a long carbon skeleton
Fatty Acids, how do they look diff from eachother
have a double bond or a single bond between carbon
- SATRated fatty acids have the same maximum # of hydrogen atoms possible and NO double bonds
- UNsatruated fatty caids have one or MORE double bonds
3 fatty acid
they are joined to the glycerol by an ester linkage creating a triacylglycerol or triglyceride
How do fatty acids form?
if single carbon bond it will end up forming a straight chain but if there is a double bond then it bends or there is a kink
- major functions is energy storage
- fats separate from water bc water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other and exclude these fats
Glycerides
glycerol + 1 fatty acid = monoglycerides
glycerol + 2 fatty acid = diglycerides
glycerol + 3 fatty acid = teiacylglycerol
Saturated fats
straight carbon chain
fat made from saturated fatty acids are called saturated fats and it is solid at room temp
UNsaturated Fats
unsaturated fatty acid - unsaturated fats
liquid at room temp and double bond
not enough london dispersion to hold them together
Phospholipids
2 of the OH groups on glycerol are joined to a fatty acid, the 3rd OH joins to a phosphate group which joins and turns to another polar group of atoms
- may self-assemble into a bilayer with hydrophilic tail point out
Steroids
are lipids that are characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of 4 carbon rings
- cholesterol an important steroid is a component in animal cell membranes
