Lipids

Question 1

Lipid

Answer 1

amphipathic molecule (has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic end;) does not dissolve in water;

Question 2

Two classes of Lipids?

Answer 2

simple and complex;

Question 3

Three Simple Lipids

Answer 3

steroid, prostaglandin, and leukotriene;

Question 4

Steroids

Answer 4

contain the steroid nucleus;

Question 5

Prostaglandin

Answer 5

contains a cyclopentane ring but not the steroid nucleus;

Question 6

Leukotriene

Answer 6

contains three alternating C=C bonds; -C=C-C=C-C=C-;

Question 7

Components of Complex Lipids

Answer 7

glycerol; fatty acids;

Question 8

Fatty Acid

Answer 8

long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyilic acid; even number of carbons; no C=C is saturated; one C=C is mono unsaturated; two ore more C=C is polyunsaturated;

Question 9

Glycerol

Answer 9

three carbons with an alcohol group each;

Question 10

Four Complex Lipids

Answer 10

triacylglycerides; phospholipids; glycolipids; lipoproteins;

Question 11

Triacylglycerides

Answer 11

a glycerol with three fatty acids attached; stores energy for cells; if liquid at room temperature it is an oil; if solid at room temperature it is a fat;

Question 12

Phospholipids

Answer 12

contain phosphorus, fatty acids, and others; polar head and non-polar tail; used to make cell membranes; O===

Question 13

Glycolipid

Answer 13

sugar linked to a lipid;

Question 14

Lipoproteins

Answer 14

lipid linked to a protein;

Question 15

Micelle

Answer 15

composed of simple lipids; fatty acids with hydrophilic anions that form a ball; in water hydrophilic anion facing outward and hydrophobic tail inward; accepts hydrophobic molecules into its center (core);

Question 16

Phospholipid Bilayer

Answer 16

a layer of phospholipids with hydrophilic head or anion and hydrophobic tail; can be rolled into a circle to form a liposome;

Question 17

Cell Membrane

Answer 17

contains both large and small molecules (mosaic); resembles a giant liposome; large molecules move within the fluid membrane;

Question 18

Three Methods of Moving Across Cell Membrane

Answer 18

simple diffusion; facilitated diffusion; active transport

Question 19

Simple Diffusion

Answer 19

nonpolar (hydrophobic) molecules dissolve in the membrane core and pass through the membrane; requires no energy from the cell;

Question 20

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 20

polar molecules (hydrophilic) pass through protein channels in the membrane; requires no energy from the cell;

Question 21

Active Transport

Answer 21

polar molecules (hydrophilic) are pumped across the the membrane against the grade; requires energy from the cell;