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PPC MIDTERM > LIPIDS > Flashcards

LIPIDS Flashcards

1
Q

Fixed Oils, Fats, Waxes and Fatty Acids

A

LIPIDS

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2
Q

Are esters of long-chain fatty acids and alcohols or of closely related derivatives.

A

LIPIDS

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3
Q

Are soluble in non-polar organic solvents and generally insoluble in water.

A

LIPDS

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4
Q

Uses of Lipids in Medical/Pharmaceutical

A

EMOLLIENT
VEHICLES FOR MEDICATIONS
THERAPEUTIC PROPERTY
ENTERAL AND PARENTERAL NUTRITION

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5
Q

Lipids Uses in Industries

A

SOAPS
PAINTS

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6
Q

2 type of Alcohol:

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS
WAXES

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7
Q

Glycerol combine with Fatty Acids

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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8
Q

High mol. wt. alcohol (Cetyl alcohol) combined with Fatty acids

A

WAXES

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9
Q

Primary function is for food (energy) storage

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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10
Q

Fixed oils and fats are obtained from either:

A

PLANTS: PEANUT OIL, OLIVE OIL
ANIMALS: LARD

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11
Q

Important products used pharmaceutically, industrially and as
food.

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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12
Q

May occur in various parts of the plants, but as a general rule in seeds.

A

VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS

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13
Q

may contain larger quantities and the usual sources of fixed oils

A

SEEDS

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14
Q

Examples of seeds:

A

CASTOR SEED
COTTON SEED
SESAME SEED
HEMP SEED
LINSEED
ALMOND SEED
COCONUT

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15
Q

Fixed Oils are sometimes classified as:

A

DRYING OILS
SEMI-DRYING OILS
NON-DRYING OILS

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16
Q

May also be of plant and animal origin

A

WAXES

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17
Q

Are liquid at normal temperature

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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18
Q

Are semi-solid to solid at ordinary temperature

A

WAXES

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19
Q

Solid vegetable oil

A

COCOA BUTTER

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20
Q

MOST ANIMAL FATS ARE SOLID

A

TRUE

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21
Q

(MOST VEGETABLE OILS ARE LIQUID AT ORDINARY TEMPERATURE)

A
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22
Q

Most Vegetable Oils are liquid at ordinary temperature except:

A

COCOA BUTTER - SOLID VEGETABLE OIL

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23
Q

Most Animal Fats are solid except

A

COD LIVER OIL - LIQUID ANIMAL FAT

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24
Q

Fixed Oils and Fats of Vegetative Origin are obtained by ______.

A

EXPERSSION IN HYDRAULIC PRESSES

25
Q

Fixed Oils and Fats of Vegetative Origin are obtained by Expression in Hydraulic Presses:

A

COLD - VIRGIN/ COLD PRESSED OIL

HOT - HOT PRESSED OIL

SOMETIMES ORGANIC SOLVENTS ARE USED FOR THE EXTRACTION OF OILS

26
Q

are separated from other tissues by
rendering with steam or without steam.

A

ANIMAL FATS

27
Q

Classification of Fixed Oils:

A

SATURATED
MONOSATURATED
POLYSATURATED

28
Q

Saturated Fixed Oils:

A

COCONUT OIL
PALM OIL
PALM KERNEL OIL

29
Q

Monosaturated Fixed Oils:

A

CASTOR OIL
OLIVE OLIVE
PEANUT OIL
RAPESEED OIL

30
Q

Cacao Butter/Cocoa Butter

A

THEOBROMA OIL

31
Q

Hydrous Woolfat

32
Q

Woolfat

A

ANHYDROUS LANOLIN

33
Q

Are esters resulting from the condensation of high molecular weight, straight-chain acids and alcohols.

34
Q

FATS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS

A

THEOBROMA OIL- CACAO BUTTER/COCOA
BUTTER

LANOLIN- HYDROUS WOOLFAT

ANHYDROUS WOOLFAT - WOOLFAT

HYDROGENATED VEGETABLE OILS

LARD

35
Q

Polysaturated Fixed Oils:

A

ALMOND OIL
CORN OIL
COTTONSEED OIL
COD LOVER OIL
LINSEED OIL
PERSIC OIL
SOYBEAN OIL
SESAME OIL
SAFFLOWER OIL
SUNFLOWER OIL

36
Q

CH3(CH2)14CO2-(CH2)15CH3

37
Q

CH3(CH2)24CO2-(CH2)29CH3

A

CARNAUBA WAX

38
Q

CH3(CH2)30CO2-(CH2)33CH3

A

SPERMACETI

39
Q

General Uses of Waxes:

A

HARDENS OINTMENTS AND CREAMS

PREPARATION OF CERATES

PROTECTIVE COATING IN INDUSTRY AND ART

40
Q

WAXES
PLANTS:

A

CARNAUBA WAX
BAYBERRY WAX

41
Q

WAXES
INSECTS:

A

BEESWAX
LACWAX

42
Q

WAXES:
OTHER ANIMAL:

A

SPERMACETI

43
Q

No C-C double bonds

A

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS

44
Q

The presence of double bonds in fatty acids significantly lowers the melting point relative to a saturated fatty acid.

A

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS

45
Q

______ acids of less than eight carbon atoms are liquid at physiological temperature, whereas those
containing more than ten are solid.

A

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS

46
Q

No C-C double bonds

A

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS

47
Q

Example of Saturated Fatty Acid:

A

LAURIC ACID
MYRISTIC ACID
PALMITIC ACID
STEARIC ACID
ARACHIDIC ACID

48
Q

With double bonds

A

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

49
Q

With double bonds

A

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

50
Q

Oxygen saturates the double bonds to form oxides that may polymerize to form hard films (important in film industry)

A

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

51
Q

Double bonds also take up hydrogen in the proper conditions producing semi-solid fats that are used extensively as cooking fats and shortening

A

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

52
Q

Fixed Oils are classified based on their ability to absorb oxygen from the air: Drying oils, Semi- drying oils, and Non-drying Oils

A

UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

53
Q

the number of mg of KOH required to
saponify the esters contained in 1 g of the substance.

A

ESTER VALUE

54
Q

the number of mg of KOH
required to neutralized the free acids and saponify the esters contained in 1 g of the substance is equal to the sum of Acid Value and Ester Value.

A

SAPONIFICATION VALUE

55
Q

the number of mg of KOH required to neutralize the free acids contained in 1 g of the substance

A

ACID VALUE/ ACID NUMBER

56
Q

the number of grams of Iodine
absorbed, under prescribed conditions, by 100 g of the substance.

A

IODINE NUMBER

57
Q

USP TESTS FOR FATTY ACIDS

A

ESTER VALUE
SAPONIFICATION VALUE
ACID VALUE / ACID NUMBER
IODINE NUMBER
USP TESTS

58
Q

Examples of Fixed Oils:

A

DRYING OILS
NON-DRYING OILS

PPC MIDTERM (4 decks)

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