Lipids Flashcards
1
Q
What is the structure of a triglyceride?
A
- one glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acids
2
Q
Are lipids soluble?
A
- They are soluble in organic solvents but not water.
3
Q
Are lipids polar?
A
- They are non-polar which means the charges across the molecule are balanced so they do not form hydrogen bonds with polar water molecules.
4
Q
How many condensation reactions happens?
A
- 3 condensation reactions to occur
- 3 water molecules are lost
5
Q
What bonds form in lipids?
A
- ester bonds
6
Q
What does it mean by a fatty acid is saturated?
A
- no double bonds between carbon atoms
7
Q
What does it mean by a fatty acid are mono-saturated?
A
- one double bond between carbon atoms
8
Q
What does it mean by a fatty acid is polyunsaturated?
A
- more than one double bond between carbon atoms
9
Q
What does it mean if a lipid has more double bonds?
A
- They are more likely to be a liquid at room temperature
10
Q
Lipids are marcomolecules, why are they not polymers?
A
- lipids are made up of one glycerol and 3 fatty acids
11
Q
What are some roles of lipids in living organisms?
A
- water proofing - repel water/ water proofing on surface on leaves (waxy cuticle)
-protective layer around vital organs in animals - energy store - they are unreactive so excellent energy
12
Q
What is the structure of phospholipids?
A
- glycerol and 2 fatty acids and phosphate group
- they have a non-polar tails
13
Q
What are sterols?
A
- based on complex alcohol molecules
14
Q
Why is cholesterol bad for us?
A
- can develop fatty deposits in blood vessels.
15
Q
What structure do lipids make up?
A
- cell membrane
