Introduction to Bio molecules

Question 1

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 1

• a strong bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons

Question 2

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 2

• one atom in a pair donates an electron and the other receives it
• Results in the formation of positive and negative ions held together by opposite charges

Question 3

What are ions?

Answer 3

• an atom/molecules in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons

Question 4

What are hydrogen bonds?

Answer 4

• Where a slightly negatively charged atom binds to a slightly positive charged hydrogen atom.

Question 5

What are cations?

Answer 5

• positively charged ions

Question 6

What are anions?

Answer 6

• negatively charged ions

Question 7

What do elements carbohydrates and lipids have?

Answer 7

• They all have the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 8

What elements are present in water?

Answer 8

• hydrogen and oxygen

Question 9

What elements are present in protein?

Answer 9

• carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

Question 10

What elements are present in nucleic acid

Answer 10

• carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, phosphorus

Question 11

What is an anabolic reaction?

Answer 11

• smaller molecules join to form larger ones

Question 12

What is a catabolic reaction?

Answer 12

• larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones

Question 13

What is a monomer?

Answer 13

• a small single molecules, which can join to many other similar molecules to make up a ploymer.

Question 14

What is a polymer?

Answer 14

• a large molecule made up of many similar monomer joined together

Question 15

What is a condensation reaction?

Answer 15

• When two molecules join together
• involves removal of water

Question 16

What is a hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 16

• when a molecules splits apart
• the addition of water