lipids

Question 1

how are triglycerides formed?

Answer 1

. used as energy storage molecules
.3 fatty acids bonded to one glycerol
. joined by 3 Ester bonds to glycerol in condensation reactions removing water

Question 2

what are the fatty acid tails made from?

Answer 2

.hydrophobic hydrocarbons
.RCOOH/ R variable group

Question 3

what are the two types of hydrocarbon tails/fatty acids

Answer 3

. saturated, no carbon double bonds
. unsaturated, has carbon double bond.

Question 4

how are phospholipids formed

Answer 4

.found in cell membranes
.instead of one fatty acid, it is replaced by a phosphate group
. 2 fatty acids, 2 Ester bonds between glycerol and hydrocarbons by condensation reaction.

Question 5

name 4 properties, functions to triglycerides

Answer 5

1. the hydrocarbon tails store energy, when broken down releases more energy then carbs,.
2. large and non polar molecules make them insoluble in water, don’t affect water potential.
3. Low mass can store more of it
4. has lots of hydrogen and oxygen, provide a metabolic water source for animals when oxidised

Question 6

describe properties/ functions of phospholipids

Answer 6

. form phospholipid bilayer of cell membrane
.charged hydrophilic heads attracts water and repels fats
. not charged hydrophobic tails, repels water, attracts fats

Question 7

describe the test for lipids

Answer 7

1) add sample and add ethanol.
2) shake to dissolve lipid
3) add distilled water
4) milky white emulsion
5) AS A CONTROL, USE WATER AN DREPEAT PROCEDURE, RESULT SHOULD BE CLEAR