Lipids

Question 1

What are the two main categories of lipids?

Answer 1

Triglycerides and phospholipids

Question 2

What is the general structure of a triglyceride?

Answer 2

• One molecule of glycerol

• Three molecules of fatty acids

Question 3

What are fatty acids made up of?

Answer 3

• A carboxylic group

• A long chain of hydrogen and carbon atoms

Question 4

What are saturated fatty acids?

Answer 4

Fatty acids that contain only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms

Question 5

What are the types of unsaturated fatty acids?

Answer 5

• Monounsaturated fatty acids

• Polyunsaturated fatty acids

Question 6

What group does glycerol molecules have three of?

Answer 6

Hydroxyl groups (O-H)

Question 7

What are the bonds in triglycerides called?

Answer 7

Ester bonds

Question 8

What enzyme breaks ester bonds?

Answer 8

Lipase

Question 9

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Answer 9

• One molecule of glycerol

• Two molecules of fatty acids

• One molecule of phosphate (which is negatively charged)

Question 10

Are phospholipids hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

Answer 10

Hydrophilic (due to the negatively charged phosphate)

Question 11

What part of cholesterol is hydrophilic?

Answer 11

The hydroxyl group