Lipids Flashcards
What are lipids
Fats, oil (liquid) or (solid)
Long hydrocarbon chain
Fatty acids (non polar (tail) → hydrophobic, polar side → hydrophobic in hydrogen bond
Where are lipids found
In the cell membrane - phospholipids (polar head and nonpolar tail)
functions of lipids
long term storage of energy (short term is glycogen)
Buoyancy (floating on water)
Shock absorber? protecting internal organs (adipose tissue)
Heat insulator - controls / maintains heat
Building blocks for hormones, proteins and enzymes
Saturated fatty acids
Fully filled with hydrogen , only C - C
solid at room temperature
Unsaturated fatty acids
Lacking H2, some C C double bond or C C triple bond or C O double triple or CN double triple
liquid at room temperature
cis fatty acid
hydrogen atom same side
trans fatty acid
hydrogen atom different side
types of lipid
triglycerides
phospholipids
steroids
waxes
what is triglycerides made of
one glycerol and three fatty acids
what does fatty acid contain
a carboxyl group (COOH), a hydrocarbon chain
formula of fatty acid
CH3(CH2)n COOH
how does the glycerol and three fatty acids bond together
they bond through dehydration synthesis
what is glycerol made of
three carbon alcohol with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to each carbon
diet with high saturated fat is associated with
atherosclerosis
