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biochem lec > lipids > Flashcards

lipids Flashcards

1
Q

acetic acid occurence

A

vinegar

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2
Q

propionic acid occurence

A

carbohydrate ermentation

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3
Q

butyric acid occurence

A

butter

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4
Q

caproic acid occurence

A

goat and cow butter

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5
Q

caprylic acid occurence

A

human fat

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6
Q

lauric occurence

A

cinnamon

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7
Q

capric acid occurence

A

fat or spice bush

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8
Q

myristic acid occurence

A

nutmeg, myrtles

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9
Q

palmatic acid occurence

A

spermaceti, beeswax

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10
Q

stearic acid occurence

A

animal and vegetable fats

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11
Q

palmitoleic occurence

A

nearly all fats

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12
Q

oleic acid occurence

A

animal and vegetal fats and oils

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13
Q

elaidic acid occurence

A

hydrogenated and ruminant fats

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14
Q

linoleic acid occurence

A

many plant oils

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15
Q

gamma-linolenic acid occurence

A

minor fatty acid in animals

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16
Q

a-linolenic acid occurence

A

particularly in linseed oil

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17
Q

arachidonic acid occurence

A

important component of phospholipids in animals

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18
Q

timnodonic occurence

A

important component of fish oil

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19
Q

cervonic occurence

A

phospholipids in brain

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20
Q

this has slight solubility in water

A

short-chain fatty acids

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21
Q

essentially insoluble in water

A

long-chain fatty acids

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22
Q

this completely dominates solubility considerations

A

nonpolar nature

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23
Q

if its long chain the melting point will?

A

decrease

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24
Q

saturated in room tempt is

A

solid

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25
Q

unsaturated in room temp is?

A

liquid

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26
Q

esters of fatty acids with various alcohols

A

simple lipids

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27
Q

esters of fatty acids with glycerol

A

fats

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28
Q

higher molecular weight monohydric alcohols

A

waxes

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29
Q

containing groups in addition to an alcohol

A

compound lipids

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30
Q

they have nitrogen containing bases and other substituents

A

phospholipids

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31
Q

contain carbohydrate and nitrogenous base

A

glycolipids

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32
Q

most abundant type of lipids present in the body

A

triacyglycerol (TAG)

33
Q

storage site of TAG in the human body

A

adipose tissue

34
Q

a lipid form by esterification

A

triacylglycerol (TAG)

35
Q

3 identical fatty acids molecule

A

simple triacylglycerol

36
Q

more than one kind of fatty acid and molecules

A

mixed triacylglycerol

37
Q

the healthiest cooking oil

A

canola oil

38
Q

the most unhealthy oil

A

coconut oil

39
Q

up to 15 and 10% polyunsaturated fat is what kind of fat?

A

good fat

40
Q

less than 10% from saturated fats

A

bad fats

41
Q

a substitute for the term triacylglycerol (TAG)

A

fat

42
Q

storage lipids

A

triacylglycerol (TAG)

43
Q

COMPONENTS OF TAG

A

ALCOHOL AND FATTY ACIDS

44
Q

name of the alcohol of tag

A

glycerol

45
Q

must be obtain from dietary sources because it cannot synthesize within the body

A

essential fatty acids

46
Q

primary member of omega-6

A

linoleic acid

47
Q

primary member of omega-3

A

linolenic acid

48
Q

the best known calorie reduced fat substitute

A

simplesse

49
Q

the best known calorie free fats

A

olestra

50
Q

means less than 0.5g of fat

A

fat free

51
Q

means 3g or less fat

A

low fat

52
Q

means at least 25%

A

reduce fat

53
Q

means less than 0.5 kilo calories

A

calorie free

54
Q

3 important membrane lipids

A

phospholipids, sphingoglycolipids, cholesterol

55
Q

carry cholesterol from the liver

A

LDL

56
Q

carry excess cholesterol from body tissues

A

HDL

57
Q

transport triacylglycerols from the liver

A

VLDL

58
Q

transport dietary triacylglycerols

A

chylomicrons

59
Q

cardiovascular disease characterize by the buildup of plaque

A

atherosclerosis

60
Q

a mound of lipid material mixed with calcium

A

plaque

61
Q

a 2 layer thick structure phospholipids

A

lipid bilayer

62
Q

3 kinds of transport across cell membranes

A

passive transport, facilitated transport, active transport

63
Q

none required transport

A

passive transport

64
Q

proteins serve as gates transport

A

facilitated transport

65
Q

proteins serve as pumps transport

A

active transport

66
Q

fluid containing emulsifying agents

A

bile

67
Q

functions as a lipid-emulsifying agent

A

bile acid

68
Q

a substance that can disperse and stabilize water-insoluble substances

A

emulsifier

69
Q

they are synthesized or at other location after transport via the blood stream

A

messenger lipids

70
Q

2 kinds of messenger lipids

A

steroid hormones and eicosanoids

71
Q

a biochemical substance, produced by a ductless gland

A

hormone

72
Q

a hormone that is a cholesterol derivative

A

steroid hormone

73
Q

major classes of steroid hormones

A

sex hormones and adrenocorticoid hormones

74
Q

control reproduction and secondary sex

A

sex hormones

75
Q

regulate numerous biochemical processes in the body

A

adrenocorticoid hormones

76
Q

for young women

A

estradiol

77
Q

for pregnant women

A

estriol

78
Q

for menopause

A

estrone

biochem lec (5 decks)

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