lipids 1

Question 1

general features

Answer 1

1- heterogenous
2-water insoluble
3-soluble in organic solvent

Question 2

functions

Answer 2

1-structure membrane
2-energy storage
3-hormones
4-vitamines
5-co-factors
6-signalling molecules

Question 3

fatty acid nomenclature

Answer 3

depends on number of carbon atoms, number of double bonds and where bonds are.
numbering starts from carboxyl group

Question 4

different types of fatty acid

Answer 4

bad-saturated
good-polyunsaturated
very bad-trans fatty acids
essential-linoleic and linolenic fatty acids derived from plant. fatty acids with double bond past 9th carbon cannot be produced in human body. linoleum acid synthesises production of omega-3 and omega-5 and arachidonic acid.

Question 5

unsaturated/saturated fatty acids

Answer 5

unsaturated-kink due to double bend. have low melting point

saturated-no double tend-solid

Question 6

deficiencies

Answer 6

depression
adhd
skin lesions, neurological disorders, kidney problems
chronic intestinal problems

Question 7

triglycerides

Answer 7

esters made up of 3 fatty acid chains and glycerol
water insoluble
form lipid droplets in adipose tissue
uncharged

Question 8

phospholipids, steroids and glycolipids

Answer 8

phospholipids: 2 fatty acid chains +glycerol. amphipathic
glycolipids: carbohydrate +lipid. important function in membrane structure and blood group antigens
steroids: ring shaped lipids