Lipid Metabolism Study Flashcards
What role do lipids play in recovery between bouts of exercise?
Lipids are important for recovery between bouts.
During what type of exercise are lipids important?
Lipids are important during prolonged exercise.
What is the predominant intensity range for fat oxidation?
Predominant Intensity = 65% VO2max.
What are the two main adipose-derived hormones mentioned?
- Leptin
- Adiponectin
What are the two major components of triacylglycerols?
- Fatty acids
- Glycerol
What is the general formula for fatty acids?
R-COOH
What type of fatty acid has no double bonds?
Saturated fatty acid.
What type of fatty acid has one double bond?
Monounsaturated fatty acid.
What type of fatty acid has two or more double bonds?
Polyunsaturated fatty acids.
What is the classification of fatty acids based on carbon chain length for C8 to C12?
MCFAs (Medium Chain Fatty Acids).
What does the term VLCFAs stand for?
Very Long Chain Fatty Acids (C22+).
What is the effect of hydrogenation on fatty acids?
It alters the structure, melting point, and stability of the fatty acids.
What are chylomicrons?
A type of compound lipid or lipoprotein.
What is the energy content of adipose tissue in kilojoules?
430000 kJ (108000 kcal).
What is the total energy content of muscle glycogen?
6400 kJ (1600 kcal).
What hormones are involved in lipid metabolism?
- Adrenaline
- Insulin
What is the process of breaking down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol called?
Lipolysis.
What is the role of the carnitine shuttle in fatty acid transport?
It facilitates the transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria.
How much ATP is produced per cycle in the TCA/Krebs Cycle?
12 ATP.
What are the products of the TCA Cycle?
- NADH x 3
- FADH x 1
- GTP
What is the energy yield from beta-oxidation based on the number of carbons?
(Number of Carbons ÷ 2) - 1 for FADH and Number of Carbons ÷ 2 for Acetyl-CoA.
What is the role of NADH and FADH in the electron transport chain?
They donate electrons to generate a proton motive force.
True or False: Saturated fatty acids contain double bonds.
False.
Fill in the blank: _______ are the useable forms of energy derived from lipids.
Fatty acids.
