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Cardiology > Lipid metabolism > Flashcards

Lipid metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

Contain apoA1 and apoA2

A

HDL

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2
Q

Contain apoB-100

A

LDL

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3
Q

Contain apoB-100

A

VLDL

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4
Q

Contain apoB-48

A

Chylomicrons

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5
Q

formed in intestinal cells and transport dietary triglycerides – the exogenous pathway

A

Chylomicrons

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6
Q

particles are formed in liver cells and transport triglycerides synthesised in that organ – the endogenous pathway

A

VLDL

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7
Q

Drug treatment for high LDL

A

Statin and ezetimibe

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8
Q

Drug treatment for raised LDL and VLDL

A

Fibrates, statin, nicotinic acid

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9
Q

Drug treatment for high VLDL

A

Fibrates

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10
Q

Drug treatment for raised chlyomicrons and VLDL

A

Fibrates, niacin, fish oil and statin combination

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11
Q

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

Statins

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12
Q

Decrease in hepatocyte cholesterol synthesis causes a compensatory increase in LDL receptor expression and enhanced clearance of LDL

A

Statins

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13
Q

Name a condition where statins would be useless

A

Familial hypercholesterolaemia where HDL receptors are lacking

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14
Q

Other beneficial effects of statins

A

Decreased inflammation
Reversal of endothelial dysfunction
Decreased thrombosis
Stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques

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15
Q

Adverse effects of statins?

A

Myositis
Rhabdomyolosis
(incidence increased if statin combined with fibrate!!)

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16
Q

Who shouldn’t you give fibrates to?

A

Alcoholics

17
Q

Adverse effects of fibrates?

A 
Myositis
Rhabdomyolosis
GI symptoms
Pruritis
Rash
18
Q

First line treatment for high TG

A

Fibrates

19
Q

Colestyramine, colestipol, colsevelam

A

Bile acid binding resins

20
Q

Adverse effects of bile acid binding resins

A

GI tract irritation

21
Q

Exetimibe, what is it?

A

Inhibits Niemann-Pick C1 like- 1

-inhibits cholesterol absorption

22
Q

When is ezetimibe contraindicated?

A

In breast feeding females

23
Q

Adverse effects of ezetimibe?

A

Diarrhoea, abdominal pain and headache

Cardiology (22 decks)

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