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Cardiology > Arrhythmias and Anna Marie Choy > Flashcards

Arrhythmias and Anna Marie Choy Flashcards

1
Q

Rate control of AF

A

Beta-blockers
Digoxin
Verapamil, diltiazem

Alone or in combination

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2
Q

Rhythm control of AF

A

Restoration of NSR
Pharmacologic cardioversion (anti-arrhythmic drugs e.g. amiodarone)
Direct Current Cardioversion (DCCV)
Maintenance of NSR
Anti-arrhythmic drugs
Catheter ablation of atrial focus/ pulmonary veins
Surgery (Maze procedure)

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3
Q

Drugs for rhythm control of AF

A

Class Ic or III

flecainamide or digoxin

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4
Q

Drugs for rate control of AF

A

Beta blockers
Digoxin
Verapamil, diltiazem

-alone or in combination

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5
Q

Class I drugs block which channel?

A

Sodium

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6
Q

Class II drugs block what?

A

They are beta blockers

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7
Q

Class III drugs block which channel?

A

Potassium

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8
Q

Class IV drugs block what?

A

They are calcium channel blockers

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9
Q

Name a class Ia drug

A

Disopyramide

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10
Q

Class 1b drugs

A

Lidocaine

Mexilitine

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11
Q

Class 1c drugs

A

Flecainamide

Propafenone

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12
Q

Class II drugs

A

Atenolol

Propanolol

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13
Q

Class III drugs

A

Amiodarone
Sotalol
Dronedarone

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14
Q

Class IV drugs

A

Verapamil

Diltiazem

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15
Q

What could cause Torsades de Pointes?

A 
Hypokalaemia
Prolongation of the action potentia l(drug induced)
Renal impairment (increased drug levels)
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16
Q

CHA2DS2-VASc score?

A

Congestive heart failure/LV dysfunction

Hypertension
Age >75 years (2 point)
Diabetes
Stroke (2 points)

Vascular disease
Age (65-74)
Sex (female)

Used to calculate risk of stroke in people with AF

17
Q

Bleeding risk assessment

A 
HAS BLED
Hypertension
Abnormal renal/liver function
Stroke
Bleeding
Labile INRs
Elderly (>65)
Drugs or alcohol

Score >3 is high risk

18
Q

Where is the ectopic focus in atrial fibrillation?

A

Around the pulmonary veins

19
Q

Atrial flutter treatment options

A

Pharmacological therapy (Class Ic or III)
Cardioversion/catheter ablation
Warfarin (anti-coagulation)

Cardiology (22 decks)

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