Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CardioVascular > Lipid and Ischemic Heart Disease (Week 7) Drugs > Flashcards

Lipid and Ischemic Heart Disease (Week 7) Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Atorvastatin
Lovastatin
Simvastation

A 
HMGCoA Reductase Inhibitor (Statin)
--/RDS of choles synth
^ LDL-R expression 
(PK)-oral 1st pass OAT-P1B1/ CYP3A4
(X) 1st line hyperCHOL
(O) CYP3A4, SLCO1B1 mut
(-1) GI
(-2) Myopathy
(-3) rhabdomyolysis> kidney damage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cholestyramine

A 
Bile-Acid Binding Resin
^ liver 7-a-hydroxylase= ^ HMGCOreductase+ ^^LDL-R
(PK) IV admin (NOT ABS- POS charge)
(X) 2nd agent + statin= hyperCHOL
(O) hyperTG (^ TG transient)
(-1) constipation, bloat
(-2) steatorrhea
(-3) ^Cl- abs and reduced abs drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Niacin

A

vitB2 Complex vitamin
(adipose) inhib FFA mobil
(liver) reduce VLDL-TG synth
inhib HDL:apoA1 uptake
(PK) oral, immediate release, long act, extended
(X) 2nd line for HyperCHOL and hyperTG (^ LDL, low HDL)
(O) gout, diabetes, peptic ulcer, hepatic disease, statins
(-1) cutaneous flush/pruritis
(-2) GI
(-3) liver enz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ezetimibe

A 
Cholesterol abs inhibitor
--/NPC1L1 (chol abs in intestine)
(PK) oral glucuronidation> active*
(X) 1o hyperCHOL + statin
(+) well tolerated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Gemfibrozil

Fenofibrate*

A 
Fibrates/ PPAR activator
activate PPAR*/RXR--> gene transcrip
-^ LDL particle size
-^ HDL synth
^ reverse chol transcrip
-reduce TG + inflam
(PK) Fenofibrate*> Gemfibrozil 
(X) hyperTG + low HDL
(X) metabolic syndrome, tII diab
(O) statins (^ renal damage)
(O) renal impariement
(-1) GI
(-2) Gall stones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Omega 3 FA

A 
HyperTG
inhibit lipogenesis (DGAT, LA, HSLipase)= 
reduce VLDL
(-1) ^ LDL
(-2) ^ liver enzyme
(-3) bleeding
(X) + hyperTG tx w TG>500mg/dL
(+) reduce fatal arrhythmias, plaque stability, reduce HR, ^ endo funct
(O) fish allergy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

PCSK9 inhibitor

A

HyperCHOL
^ recycling of LDLr
^ removal of LDL from bs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein (MTP) Inhibitor

A 
HyperCHOL
prevent apoB-TG lipoprotein synthesis
=reduce chylomycrons and VLDL (= reduce LDL)
(PK) oral, CYP3A4
(X) homo fam hyperCHOL
(-1) GI
(-2) hepatotoxic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

apoB-100 Inhibitor

A 
HyperCHOL
bind apoB100 mRNA> recruit RNAseH--> digested 
(PK) sub Q injection 1/week
(X) homo fam hyperCHOL
(-1) injection site rxn
(-2) flu-like sxs (anti Ab)
(-3) headache
(-4) ^^liver enzymes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

NItroglycerin

A 
Nitrate of IsHD
venous vasodilator
NO--> GC- -> cGMP--> PKG
--reduce O2 demand
(PK) sublingual (avoid 1st pass) 
(X) Acute Angina
(-) Tolerance 
 --small dose, nitrate-free period
(-) CV effects: headache, hypOtension, reflex tachy, flushing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Isosorbide Dinitrate

A 
NItrate of IsHD
venous vasodilator
NO--> GC- -> cGMP--> PKG
--reduce O2 demand
(PK) metab to active mono*
(X) chronic angina
(-) Tolerance 
 --small dose, nitrate-free period
(-) CV effects: headache, hypOtension, reflex tachy, flushing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Isosorbide Mononitrate*

A 
Nitrate of IsHD
venous vasodilator
NO--> GC- -> cGMP--> PKG
--reduce O2 demand
(PK) t 1/2 ~ 5hrs
(X) chronic angina
(-) Tolerance 
 --small dose, nitrate-free period
(-) CV effects: headache, hypOtension, reflex tachy, flushing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Propranolol

A 
non-specific B blocker
reduce O2 demand
-reduce hr
-reduce cntxn
-reduce bp
^ time in diastole= ^ coronary perf 
(O) vasospasm (prinzmetal) 
    obstructive airway disease 
     bradycardia/block
   insulin-treated diabetes
(-1) fatigue
(-2) sexual dysc
(-3) ^^ wall tension* 
         (+) use + niacin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Timolol

A 
non-specific B blocker
reduce O2 demand
-reduce hr
-reduce cntxn
-reduce bp
^ time in diastole= ^ coronary perf 
(O) vasospasm (prinzmetal) 
    obstructive airway disease 
     bradycardia/block
   insulin-treated diabetes
(-1) fatigue
(-2) sexual dysc
(-3) ^^ wall tension* 
         (+) use + niacin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Carvediol

A 
non-specific B blocker
reduce O2 demand
-reduce hr
-reduce cntxn
-reduce bp
^ time in diastole= ^ coronary perf 
(O) vasospasm (prinzmetal) 
    obstructive airway disease 
     bradycardia/block
   insulin-treated diabetes
(-1) fatigue
(-2) sexual dysc
(-3) ^^ wall tension* 
         (+) use + niacin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Metoprolol

A 
B1-specific B blocker
reduce O2 demand
-reduce hr
-reduce cntxn
-reduce bp
^ time in diastole= ^ coronary perf 
(O) vasospasm (prinzmetal) 
    obstructive airway disease 
     bradycardia/block
   insulin-treated diabetes
(-1) fatigue
(-2) sexual dysc
(-3) ^^ wall tension* 
         (+) use + niacin
17
Q

Atenolol

A 
B1-specific B blocker
reduce O2 demand
-reduce hr
-reduce cntxn
-reduce bp
^ time in diastole= ^ coronary perf 
(O) vasospasm (prinzmetal) 
    obstructive airway disease 
     bradycardia/block
   insulin-treated diabetes
(-1) fatigue
(-2) sexual dysc
(-3) ^^ wall tension* 
         (+) use + niacin
18
Q

Verapamil

A 
non-dihydropyridine Ca+blocker
reduce O2 demand
-reduce cntxn force
-reduce hr
-vasodilation (minor)
(-1) headache
(-2) flushing
(-3) reduced contractility
(-4) bradycardia
(-5) CONSTIPATION (V)
19
Q

Diltiazem

A 
non-dihydropyridine Ca+ blocker
reduce O2 demand
-reduce cntxn force
-reduce hr
-vasodilation (minor)
(-1) headache
(-2) flushing
(-3) reduced contractility
(-4) bradycardia
(-5) EDEMA (D)
20
Q

Nifedipine

A 
dihydropyridine Ca+ blocker
^^ O2 supply
-vasoDILATOR
reduce O2 demand
-reduce afterload
-reduce wall stress 
(X) Vasospasm angina 
(-1) heaache
(-2) flushing
(-3) EDEMA (N)
21
Q

Amlodipine

A 
dihydropyridine Ca+ blocker
^^ O2 supply
-vasoDILATOR
reduce O2 demand
-reduce afterload
-reduce wall stress 
(X) Vasospasm angina 
(-1) heaache
(-2) flushing
22
Q

Ranolazine

A

late Na+ channel blocker (anti-angina)

(X) ^ exercise capacity: chronic angina pectoris

23
Q

Enalapril
Captopril
Lisinopril

A 
ACE Inhibitor (IsHD)
reduce O2 demand
--reduce bp=reduce preload= reduce wall stress
24
Q

Dobutamine

A

(X) Pharmacological Stress Test
B1 agonist (simulate exercise)
^ hr
^ cntxn

25
Q

Adenosine

A

Pharmacological Stress Test

(X) arterial dilation- ID diseased vessels NO dilate

CardioVascular (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions