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Exercise Physiology > Linear motion > Flashcards

Linear motion Flashcards

1
Q

Scalar

A

Measurements that only have magnitude (size).

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2
Q

Vector

A

Measurements that have magnitude (size) and direction.

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3
Q

Examples of a vector

A

Weight, acceleration, displacement, velocity and momentum.

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4
Q

Examples of a scalar

A

Mass, distance and speed.

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5
Q

Describe how vectors are usually represented

A
  • With the use of an arrow.
  • The longer the arrow, the greater the size.
  • Direction is shown by point and line of application
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6
Q

What is mass and how is it measured.

A

The quantity of matter the body possesses.
Measured in KG.

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7
Q

How is weight different to mass

A

Weight is the force on a given mass due to gravity
Measured in N

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8
Q

How to calculate Weight

A

Weight (N) = Mass (Kg) x Gravity (9.8)

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9
Q

Distance

A

The path a body takes as it moves from start to finish

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10
Q

Displacement

A

Shortest route in a straight line between start and finish

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11
Q

Speed

A

A measurement in m/s of the body’s movement per unit of time with o reference to direction

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12
Q

How is speed calculated.

A

Speed (m/s) = distance covered (m) ÷ time taken (s).

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13
Q

Velocity

A

Measured in m/s and is the rate of change of displacement

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14
Q

How is velocity calculated

A

Velocity (m/s) = displacement (m) ÷ time taken (s)

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15
Q

What does the distance time graph look like for a stationary performer

A
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16
Q

What does the distance time graph look like for a performer constant rate but distance is changing

A

/

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17
Q

What does the distance time graph look like for a performer who is decelerating

A

curve

___________
/
/

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18
Q

What does the distance time graph look like for a performer who is accelerating

A

curve

             /
           / ----------
19
Q

How to calculate gradient of graph

A

changes in the y / changes in the x

20
Q

What does the velocity time graph look like for a performer travelling at constant velocity

A
21
Q

What does the velocity time graph look like for a performer travelling at increased velocity (acceleration)

A

curve

             /
           / ----------
22
Q

What does the velocity time graph look like for a performer travelling at decreased velocity (deceleration)

A

curve

___________
/
/

23
Q

If the velocity time graph goes in to the negative x and y axis what does that mean the performer is doing

A

Change in direction

24
Q

Acceleration

A

Measured in /s2 and is the rate of change of velocity

25
Q

How to calculate acceleration

A

Change in velocity (m/s) / Time (s)

26
Q

How to calculate the change in velocity

A

(Final velocity - Initial velocity) / Time

27
Q

How to calculate momentum

A

Momentum (kgm/s) = mass (kg) X velocity (m/s)

28
Q

External force

A

Force that comes from outside the body

29
Q

Example of an external force

A

Friction, air resistance and weight.

30
Q

Internal force

A

Force generated by the contraction of skeletal muscles

31
Q

Example of an internal force

A

The force generated as the quads contract concentrically to extend the knee in a jump

32
Q

Give the two vertical forces.

A

Weight and reaction force

33
Q

When does a reaction force occur.

A

When two bodies are in contact with one another.

34
Q

Give the two horizontal forces.

A

Friction and air resistance.

35
Q

Friction

A

Occurs when 2 or more bodies are in contact with one aother

36
Q

What are the two types of frictional force

A

Static and sliding

37
Q

What 3 factors can affect friction

A

1) Surface characteristics of the 2 bodys
2) Temperature of the 2 surfaces
3) Mass of objects

38
Q

Air resistance

A

A force that acts in the opposite direction to the motion of a bod travelling through the air

39
Q

What does air resistance depend on

A
  • Velocity of moving body
  • Cross sectional area of moving body
  • The shape and surface characteristics of a moving body
40
Q

Drag

A
41
Q

Net force

A

This is the resultant force acting on a body when all other forces have been considered

42
Q

How to calculate impulse

A

Impulse = Force x Time

43
Q

Net impulse

A

A combination of positive and negative impulses

Exercise Physiology (14 decks)

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