Limits Flashcards

1
Q

Engines are limited by what 5 things?

A

Ng

Np

TGT

Oil px

Oil temp

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2
Q

Starter cycle is defined by?

A

Initiation

Acceleration

Dropout

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3
Q

TGT

A

0-810, continuous, green

810-851, 30 min, yellow

851-878, 2.5 min(10 min for max pwr/limiter checks), red

878-903, 2.5 min, red

903-949, 12 seconds, red

949, max, red

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4
Q

Np

A

<96%, avoid, red

96% - 105%, continuous, green (yellow above 101%)

105% - 117%, 20 sec, yellow

117% - 120%, 12 sec, yellow

120% max, red

During engagement, Avoid 20-40% and 60-75%

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5
Q

Nr

A

<96%, avoid, red

96-101%, continuous, green

101-120%, precautionary, yellow

120, max, red

123% max for FCF only

127% overspeed latch

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6
Q

Dual engine TQ <80kias

A

0-120%, continuous, green

120-144%, 10 seconds, yellow

144%, max, red

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7
Q

Dual engine TQ > 80kias

+ note

A

0-106%, continuous, green

106-127%, 10 seconds, yellow

127%, max, red

Dual engine TQ limits apply when both engines are above 65%

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8
Q

Single Eng TQ

A

0-135%, continuous, green

135%-144%, 10 seconds, red

144%, max, red

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9
Q

Ng

A

0-102.2%, continuous, green

102.2%-106%, 2.5 minutes, yellow

106-107%, 12 seconds, red

Max 107%

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10
Q

Transmission temp

A

-50-105 C, continuous, green

105-120 C, precautionary, yellow

120 C max red

During any operating condition, no MX action is required if the main transmission oil temperature is in the precautionary range for 5 mins or less.

Prolonged hovering in hot weather, (30 C), may cause main transmission to rise into the precautionary range. Operation in the precautionary range for less than 30 min during any one flight under this condition is acceptable and no maintenance action is required.

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11
Q

Transmission Px

A

20 psi, minimum, red

20-30 psi, idle & transient, yellow

30-65 psi (45-60 psi in lvl flight), continuous, green

65-130 psi, precautionary, yellow

130 psi max

During steady-state level pitch attitudes, the transmission oil pressure should be 45-60 psi. The following conditions do not constitute an emergency situation but may be indicative of a degrade lubrication system. Any discrepancy shall be documented on a MAF:

  1. Steady pressure outside 45-60, inside 30-65
  2. Fluctuations not to exceed a range of 10 psi within 30-65

During transient pitch or steady state nose high pitch attitudes, transmission oil pressure fluctuations (including momentary fluctuations below 30 psi and transient droops below 20 psi for up to 1 second) are acceptable. Operating with pressure fluctuations below 30 psi shall be limited to 30 minutes.

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12
Q

Engine Oil Temp

A

-50 to 135 C, continuous, green

135 to 150 C, 30 min, yellow

150 C max

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13
Q

Engine Oil Px

1 note

A

22 psi, minimum, red

22-26 psi, precautionary, yellow

26-100 psi, continuous, green

100-120 psi, precautionary, yellow

120 max

Idle range is 22-55 psi

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14
Q

Eng Starter Limits
<16 C
16-52 C

Engine Motor (ignition OFF)

A

<16 C
First 3 cycles -60 seconds
4th cycle- 30 minutes

16-52 C
1 cycle- 60 seconds
2nd cycle- 30 minutes

Motoring
2 min ON- 5 min OFF
2 min ON- 30 min OFF
(Times are cumulative within 5 minutes)

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15
Q

Min planned fuel on landing

A

600 lbs

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16
Q

Acceptable APU use includes:

A

Not intended for routine inflight use. Operation of the APU in flight shall be limited to essential operations only:

EP’s,

Single engine training

Practice auto rotations

Powering ECS during extreme temperature operations

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17
Q

Transmission limited by

A

Nr
Torque
Oil pressure
Oil temperature

18
Q

ENGINE TQs over 150% are displayed as

A

Red XXX

19
Q

Hovering limits

A
  1. Prolonged rearward flight and downwind landing should be avoided to prevent accumulation of exhaust fumes in the helicopter and heat damage to the window of an open cabin door.
  2. Hovering turns in excess of 30 DPS
  3. Dipping sonar operations at altitudes other than 70 ft

Caution: deviation of aircraft hover altitude from 70 ft while the transducer assembly enters or exits the water may result in damage to the dipping sonar due to electrostatic discharge.

  1. Do not tow the transducer in the water above 8 KGS with the transducer folded and 4 KGS with array unfolded.

Caution: exceeding tow limits may cause TA separation.

Note: towing is defined as the cable touching the funnel.

20
Q

Airspeeds:

A
Vne -180 kias
Max as limited be blade stall
Sideward/rearward- 35 knots
Autorotation- 100 kias
Boost off- 140 kias
2 SAS in IMC- 125 kias
PRI SERVO PRESS- 125
Search light other than stowed- 160 kias
Search light transition- 100 kias
Cabin door opening or closing- 60 kias
Dome at or above trail (cable extended 10 ft, dome approx 6 ft below a/c) - 70 kias, 45*
Dome below trail - 70 kias, 15*
21
Q

AOB limits

A

Above 10000 ft DA -30

Either PRI Servo light- 30

Boost off flight- 30

22
Q

Rotor brake limits?

A

Max 76%

30-50% for regular stops

180 psi

23
Q

Max touchdown speed

A

75 KGS w/ locked tailwheel

20kgs w/ unlocked tailwheel

24
Q

Max taxi speed?

A

40 KGS with shimmy dampener

20 KGS without shimmy dampener

25
Q

Slope limits?

A

6 nose down

9 nose up

12 cross slope

25
Q

Rate of descent for a/c landing above 19500 lbs? Below?

Sloped terrain?

A

480 fpm

720 fpm

360 fpm

26
Q

APU operating limits?

A

Either eng and rotor operating

  • 30 min with a temp of 43 C and above

Eng and rotor not operating

  • APU and eng continuously operating up to 51 C
27
Q

Transmission Oil pressure limitations
Shall me documented on a MAF:
During Transient Pitch or steady-state nose-high attitudes:

A
  • Steady pressure outside 45-60 psi but within the normal limits of 30-65 psi
  • Fluctuations not to exceed a range of 10 psi, within the normal limits of 30-65 psi
  • Transmission oil pressure fluctuations (including momentary fluctuations below 30 psi and transient drops below 20 psi for up to one second) are acceptable.
  • Operating with pressure fluctuations below 30 psi shall be limited to 30 min
29
Q

Prohibited Maneuvers

A
  1. Aerobatic flight
  2. Practice full-autorotation landings
  3. Intentional approaches into or inducement of retreating blade stall
30
Q

Icing Conditions

A
  1. Helicopters equipped with operable anti-ice and blade deice equipment are permitted flight into forecast or known trace or light icing conditions
  2. all installed anti-ice/deice equipment shall be operational prior to flight.
  3. Helicopters not equipped with operable blade deice equipment are prohibited from flight into forecast or known icing conditions (ambient temps of 5*C or below in visible moisture)
  4. Flight into forecast or known moderate or severe icing conditions is prohibited
31
Q

Altitude limits

A

13000 DA

32
Q

Blade pylon and stab fold and spread limits

A

Max wind velocity any direction - 45 kts

Following a complete fold/spread cycle allow 10 minutes for cooling before starting another.

Defined as a full spread evolution immediately followed by a full fold evolution.

33
Q

Landing limits

A

Max rate of decent:

> 19500
<19500
Slope

Max touchdown speed

Max taxi speed

Max slope landing angle

Downswing landings should be avoided

34
Q

Windows

A

Shall not be installed or removed in flight, except during actual aircraft emergencies

35
Q

External load weight limits

A

Cargo hook - 6000

Rescue hoist - 600

36
Q

Min equipment for night flight over water

A

LAWS

Altitude Hold(RAD ALT or BAR ALT)

37
Q

Min equipment for passengers

A

Except in emergencies, ADHEELS and IHEELS shall be operational for all over water flight

38
Q

Back up hyd pump limits

A

Rotor system static, to prevent hydraulic fluid overheating

33-38: 24 on 72 off
39-60: 16 on 48 off

39
Q

Temp limits

A

Temps below -40C or above 60C are prohibited

40
Q

Gross Weight Limits

A

Max - 23,500 lbs
Aviation ships - 23,500 lbs
air-capable ships/amphibious assault aviation ships - 22,500 lbs

41
Q

Engine start Limitations

A
  1. Single and dual engine start limits listed in in figure 4-3. For crossbleed starts, the receiving engine shall be at or above 24% Ng prior to advancing the PCL to IDLE.
  2. Engine starts with the main rotor blades or tail pylon folded is prohibited.
  3. The start TGT limit is 851 until idle speed is attained.