Limitations Flashcards
GLF with higher wing loading
GLF increases
ULL of a jet transport a/c
3.75
CS 25- LF limit for a normal transport a/c
2.5g to -1.0g
CS 23 - LF limit for a utility a/c
4.4g - 1.75g
E.g heavy transport a/c
CS 23 - LF limit of a aerobatic a/c
6g to -3G - not economical
Graph for LF against IAS
V-N diagram
What happens to GLF with an increase in wing loading
GLF increases
What happens if you pass the curve lines on the v-n diagram
You will stall
What happens if you pass the NLL
You will overstress the a/c
What happens if you pass the ULL
You will cause structural failure
Relationship between VA and ULL
ULL will always be 22% higher than VA speed
Formulas for working out VA
Va= Vs1g x square root of the LF
Va = Vaold x square root of Wnew/Wold
% change in va = 50% change in weight
What happens to va with altitude
Va is higher at altitude
Vb vertical gust requirement
20,000 - 66ft/s
50,000 - 38ft/s - linear decrease
However this speed is too slow to fly at
Vc and vd gust requirement
Vc - 55ft/s
Vd - 25ft/s