Limbic System And Hypothalamus Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the function of entorhinal cortex
Hub for memory network to and from hippocampus. Gateway to hippocampus
What are the two inputs to the hippocampus? And where do they project?
- Entorhinal cortex- subiculum
2. Fornix- mammillary body
What is function of fornix
Connection btw hippocampus and mammillary body
What is kluver-Bucy syndrome caused by. Symptoms?
Bilateral temporal lobe removal.
Compulsive manipulation of objects, insatiable appetite, amnesia
Diagram circuit of Papez
Hippocampal fomation-> fornix -> mammillary body-> mamillothalamic tract-> anterior nucleus of thalamus-> cingulate cortex-> through the entorhinal cortex-> back to hippocampus
3 inputs to amygdala
- Sensory areas
- Cerebral cortex
- Hippocampus
What is effect of damage to hippocampus
Memory loss, disorientation
What is declarative memory and how does it occur
Facts and knowledge.
The hippocampus evaluates sensory information for familiar and novel content and creates a Rolodex like file of an event.
What is procedural memory
Knowing how to do something. Ex how to drive a car, how to play tennis. Involves motor control. Above conscious awareness.
Where r grid cells located
Perirhinal, parahippocampal, Entorhinal cortex. Producing map of environment
Where r place cells located
Hippocampus. Activated when animal passes over that place in environment
What is amnestic syndrome
The amnestic disorders are a group of disorders that involve loss of memories previously established, loss of the ability to create new memories, or loss of the ability to learn new information.
Explain Alzheimer’s disease on hippocampus
Cell loss in hippocampal formation effectively disconnects the hippocampus from its major input and output pathways
Stimulation of amygdala produces what emotion
Anxiety and fear
Amygdala is responsible of what kind of memory
Social events
Stimulation of nucleus accumbens produces what emotion
Feeling of reward
Nucleus accumbens role in addiction
High levels of DA result in increased receptors. An abnormally high level of receptors demand a higher quantity of dopamine to maintain a normal balance btw anxiety and well being.
What is the medial pain pathway
Medial thalamus -> cingulate cortex-> insular cortex
Function: appreciation and control of subjective aspects of pain. (ie the emotional aspects of pain- how unpleasant it feels)
What is role of anterior cingulate cortex in pain
Selects autonomic response appropriate to ongoing emotions. Projects to hypothalamus
What is role of midcingulate cortex in pain
Selects somatic motor response appropriate to ongoing emotions. Projects to motor areas for motor planning.
What is relationship of insular cortex to pain
Functions to appreciate and integrate
- Interoceptive (visceral) info
- Affective (emotional) info
Hypothesis:
Internal alarm system.
Subjective appreciation of pain
Plays a role in self awareness
Three sources of fibers to hypothalamus
- Brainstem levels- autonomic afferent signals
- The retina
- Limbic system
- hippocampus: fornix
- stria terminalis
jet lag can be reset by action with in which hypothalamic nucleus
Suprachiasmatic nuclei
Which hypothalamic nuclei produce ADH and oxytocin
Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
