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Neuro Exam 3 > Limbic System And Hypothalamus > Flashcards

Limbic System And Hypothalamus Flashcards

0
Q

What is the function of entorhinal cortex

A

Hub for memory network to and from hippocampus. Gateway to hippocampus

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1
Q

What are the two inputs to the hippocampus? And where do they project?

A
  1. Entorhinal cortex- subiculum

2. Fornix- mammillary body

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2
Q

What is function of fornix

A

Connection btw hippocampus and mammillary body

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3
Q

What is kluver-Bucy syndrome caused by. Symptoms?

A

Bilateral temporal lobe removal.

Compulsive manipulation of objects, insatiable appetite, amnesia

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4
Q

Diagram circuit of Papez

A

Hippocampal fomation-> fornix -> mammillary body-> mamillothalamic tract-> anterior nucleus of thalamus-> cingulate cortex-> through the entorhinal cortex-> back to hippocampus

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5
Q

3 inputs to amygdala

A
  1. Sensory areas
  2. Cerebral cortex
  3. Hippocampus
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6
Q

What is effect of damage to hippocampus

A

Memory loss, disorientation

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7
Q

What is declarative memory and how does it occur

A

Facts and knowledge.

The hippocampus evaluates sensory information for familiar and novel content and creates a Rolodex like file of an event.

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8
Q

What is procedural memory

A

Knowing how to do something. Ex how to drive a car, how to play tennis. Involves motor control. Above conscious awareness.

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9
Q

Where r grid cells located

A

Perirhinal, parahippocampal, Entorhinal cortex. Producing map of environment

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10
Q

Where r place cells located

A

Hippocampus. Activated when animal passes over that place in environment

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11
Q

What is amnestic syndrome

A

The amnestic disorders are a group of disorders that involve loss of memories previously established, loss of the ability to create new memories, or loss of the ability to learn new information.

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12
Q

Explain Alzheimer’s disease on hippocampus

A

Cell loss in hippocampal formation effectively disconnects the hippocampus from its major input and output pathways

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13
Q

Stimulation of amygdala produces what emotion

A

Anxiety and fear

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14
Q

Amygdala is responsible of what kind of memory

A

Social events

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15
Q

Stimulation of nucleus accumbens produces what emotion

A

Feeling of reward

16
Q

Nucleus accumbens role in addiction

A

High levels of DA result in increased receptors. An abnormally high level of receptors demand a higher quantity of dopamine to maintain a normal balance btw anxiety and well being.

17
Q

What is the medial pain pathway

A

Medial thalamus -> cingulate cortex-> insular cortex

Function: appreciation and control of subjective aspects of pain. (ie the emotional aspects of pain- how unpleasant it feels)

18
Q

What is role of anterior cingulate cortex in pain

A

Selects autonomic response appropriate to ongoing emotions. Projects to hypothalamus

19
Q

What is role of midcingulate cortex in pain

A

Selects somatic motor response appropriate to ongoing emotions. Projects to motor areas for motor planning.

20
Q

What is relationship of insular cortex to pain

A

Functions to appreciate and integrate

  • Interoceptive (visceral) info
  • Affective (emotional) info

Hypothesis:
Internal alarm system.
Subjective appreciation of pain
Plays a role in self awareness

21
Q

Three sources of fibers to hypothalamus

A
  1. Brainstem levels- autonomic afferent signals
  2. The retina
  3. Limbic system
    • hippocampus: fornix
    • stria terminalis
22
Q

jet lag can be reset by action with in which hypothalamic nucleus

A

Suprachiasmatic nuclei

23
Q

Which hypothalamic nuclei produce ADH and oxytocin

A

Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei

24
Q

A lesion of the ventromedial hypothalamus will have what effect on appetite

A

Voracious appetite. Loss of ability to judge caloric value of food.

(Put a pad lock on fridge)

25
Q

What is the tract from the hypothalamus to anterior pituitary

A

Hypophysial portal system

26
Q

What is the tract from the hypothalamus to posterior pituitary

A

Hypothalamoyhypophsial tract

27
Q

Hypothalamus secretes what kind of hormone that stimulates the anterior pituitary

A

Releasing hormones

28
Q

What hormone facilitates uterine contractions and milk let down

A

Oxytocin

Neuro Exam 3 (4 decks)

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