Limb Length Discrepancy Flashcards
what is considered a significant LLD?
any LLD that is causing symptoms
what is structural LLD due to?
anatomical shortening
what is functional LLD due to?
biomechanics
name some causes of structural LLD?
- polio
- physeal damage
- congenital dysplasia
- post surgical
how does the body compensate for a structural LLD?
- pelvis tilts downward on short side
- scoliosis with covnex side over short limb
what are some causes of functional LLD?
- excessive STJ pronation
- joint contracture
- axial malalignment
- induced by shoegear
what are some symptoms of LLD?
- pain w/ standing and WB
- lateral knee pain on short limb
- medial knee pain on long limb
- low back pain
- SI joint pain due to pelvic tilt
how can you clinically measure LLD?
-measure ASIS to medial malleolus
what is the third reference point that is added for accuracy?
greater trochanter
what is the significant range of LLD?
3mm-22mm
that causes symptoms!
what leads to lateral knee pain? on which limb does this occur?
(lateral pain on short limb)
pronation –> calcaneus shortens in height
what leads to medial knee pain? on which limb does this occur?
(medial pain on long limg)
supination –> increased calcaneal height
pronation is a compensation for structural LLD or a cause of functional LLD
true
