Abnormal STJ Motion Flashcards
What is the normal STJ axis?
42 deg from transverse plane
16 deg from sagittal
(48 from frontal plane)
what motion occurs around the STJ axis?
equal frontal (inversion/eversion) and transverse motion (abduction/adduction)
what is STJ pitch? what is normal STJ pitch?
(normal is 35-45 deg) the location of STJ from transverse plane
the more vertical the STJ axis, the more motion occurs around which plane?
(horizontal/transverse plane)
aka more abduction/adduction
the more horizontal the STJ plane, the more motion occurs around which plane?
frontal plane
inversion/eversion
a patient with a more vertical axis (high STJ pitch) will have what type of ROM?
more abduction/adduction
a patient with a more horizontal axis (low STJ pitch) will have what type of ROM?
inversion/eversion
a patient with high pitched STJ axis (>45 deg) will have what type of symptoms?
more medial knee pain than foot complaints
a patient with low pitched STJ axis (<35 deg) will have what type of symptoms?
more foot than knee complaints
a normal STJ axis runs thru which toe interspace?
1st intermetatarsal space
a medially deviated STJ axis indicates what ?
STJ pronated
a laterally deviated STJ axis indicates what?
STJ supination
what is the most critical in the stance phase of gait?
position of the calcaneus
what is calcaneal translational displacement?
a line that bisects the middle fo the calcaneus that lies almost always lateral to the tibio-talar bisection
what is normal calcaneal translational displacement?
5-10mm lateral to tibio-talar bisection
if the calcaneal translational displacement is >10mm lateral, then ground forces have what action on the heel?
causes heel to evert
if the calcaneal translational displacement is >10mm medial, then ground forces have what action on the heel?
heel to invert
what procedure would you use to correct flatfoot?
Koutsogiannis osteotomy
describe the koutsogiannis osteotomy and what you would use it for.
(corrects flatfoot) by transposing the body of the calcaneus medially in order to create a supinatory moment of the STJ
what procedure would you use to correct cavus foot?
Dwyer osteotomy
describe Dwyer osteotomy and wha tyou would use it for.
(correct cavus foot)
- move the body of calcaneus more laterally in order to create a pronatory moment of the STJ
- is a closing wedge procedure performed by removing a wedge of bone on the lateral side of calcaneus
what angle is used to measure the cavus foot?
calcaneal tibial angle
normal is 2 deg varus - 4 deg valgus
