Lighting Essentials Flashcards
The____is typically Used to highlight vertical surfaces and 3 dimensional objects such as artwork, retail displays, and signage.
Focal layer
The ___ provides the background lighting that helps create the mood of the space.
Ambient layer
Which lighting layer is considered to be the “jewelry of architecture?”
Decorative Layer
Which Lighting layer uses fenestrations to light a space?
Daylight layer
The ___ layer is used to light specific tasks that are performed in a space.
Task Layer
Decorative lighting may be used as ambient light
True or false
True
Decorative lighting may not be used as task lighting
True or False
False
____ Is an approach whereby only one luminare or a group of similar luminaires is designed to provide all task and ambient lighting.
General lighting.
Depending on the complexity of the Room and its design, it is possible to have all of the layers of light represented.
True or False
True
Which lighting layer or technique is used in many basic lighting designs for offices, classrooms, stores, and other similar spaces?
Focal layer
Of all the technological advances over the past century, nothing has completely altered our lives as much as ____.
Electric lighting
Until fairly recently,light was considered primarily in terms of its____.
Quantity
Visually perceived radiant energy is the simple definition of____
Light
Light____from objects to our eyes allows us to see.
Reflected
What wavelength are human eyes most sensitive to?
550 nm
Light that features all of the visible wavelengths in roughly equal amounts appears____. (Color)
White
We see the color of am object because the object absorbs that color and reflects other colors.
True or False
FALSE
The color temperature system is based on the color changes of a theoretical black body radiator as it is heated from a cold black to a white hot state.
True or False
True
Color temperature fails to indicate anything about how a given light source will ____ colors.
Render
____ assesses the impact of different light sources on the perceived color of objects and surfaces.
Color Rendering Index
In general, a low CRI figure means a light source will render colors well.
True or False
False
CRI is an average of ____(#) different colors.
8
____ Is the most common way to express the energy efficiency of a light source , and it is expressed as a ratio of the number of lumens a lamp produces to each Watt of power it consumes.
Efficacy.
In today’s energy conscious world, a lamp’s ____ performance is one of it’s most critical characteristics.
Lumens per watt (LPW)
The light output of all lamps will deteriorate gradually over time.the rate of this deterioration is known as lumen maintenance.
True or False
TRUE
____is the measure of the intensity of a light source in a specific direction.
Candlepower
____is the measure of the light that falls on a surface,and is expressed in lumens per square foot.
Footcandle
A ____ Is a lamp or fixture that is relatively small compared to the area It is lighting, And it has the potential to direct a concentrated beam of light on a specific surface or object.
Point source
The pattern of light delivered by reflector lamps is often described in terms of____.(2 things)
Beam angle and Field Angle
The halogen gas inside a halogen lamp causes the evaporated tungsten to redeposit on the filament.
True or False
True
Light is produced in a fluorescent lamp by passing an electric arc between tungsten cathodes in a tube filled with a ____ and other gases.
Low pressure mercury vapor.
The fastest growing application for fluorescent technology today is ____.
Compact fluorescent lamps
An inductively coupled electrodeless electronic lighting system uses fluorescent light technology combined with magnetic induction to produce light.
True or False
True
Because LEDs run on direct current,they must be operated with a ____power supply.
Transformer-type
White led’s are actually blue led’s with a phospher coating which converts a portion of the blue light to yellow.
True or false
True
What are 2 broad categories that fluorescent and HID ballasts fall into.
Electronic and Magnetic
List three fluorescent lamp starting and operating methods
- Instant Start
- Rapid Start
- Programmed rapid start
Fluorescent and HID dimming may be used____ systems to compensate for available natural light.
Daylight harvesting
The acronym DALI stands for….
Dynamic addressable lighting interface
A____ shows the precise color output of a given light source by charting the level of energy present at each wavelength across the visible spectrum.
Spectral power distribution curve (SPD)
What are 4 considerations or concepts to applying lighting technology that you should understand?
- Matching lamps to applications
- color characteristics (how important is color rendition)
- service life (how long will a particular lamp last)
- the impact of energy policies
Fluorescent lamps are about\_\_\_\_%more efficent than incandescent lamps A.100% B.200% C.300% D.400%
D.400%
CRI describes the\_\_\_of the light on a scale 0 to 100,with 0 being poor color rendering and 100 providing perfect color rendering. A. Efficiency B. Energy C. Quality D. Temperature
C. Quality
All white light sources can be evaluated by\_\_\_\_and CRI. A. Color temperature B. Efficiency C. Quality D. Temperature
A. Color temperature
Natural light is considered to have a CRI of\_\_\_\_ A.25 B.50 C.75 D.100
D.100
Natural daylight maintains a constant color temperature
True or False
False
List 4 things that affect the color temperature of daylight?
- Air pollution
- Seasons
3 weather - Viewing angle
Standard incandescent lamps use tungsten filaments that generate a white light with a color temperature of about\_\_\_\_. A.1500 k B.2700 K C.3500 k D.4100K
B.2700k
What color temperature range is recommended for general lighting in office spaces and schools? A.1500k to 2100k B.2500 k to 3100k C.3500k to 4100k D.4500k to 5100k
C.3500k to 4100k
All light sources reduce intensity over time, but some sources also shift in color.
True or false
True
____is the process by which lamps are operated at less than full light output.
A. Dimming
B. Efficacy
C. Lumen maintenance
D. Task lighting
A. Dimming
Efficacy is the\_\_\_\_of a light source and is measured in lumens per watt. A. Energy efficiency B. Light level C. Power output D. Temperature range
A. Energy efficiency
Incandescent lamps are more efficacious than fluorescent lamps.
True or false
False
If a \_\_\_cost analysis is completed, the efficacy of the lamps becomes very important. A efficacy B. Initial C. Life cycle D. Operating
C. Life cycle
Lamp life is a measure of the total operating time at which___% of a large sample group of lamps are expected to fail.
50
