Lighting (ALL) Flashcards
What type of light does an incandescent lamp produce?
Warm
Where are High Intensity Discharge lamps used?
Warehouse apllications or where ceiling heigts are between 12’ - 20’ high
Do LED give off a cooler or warmer light?
Cooler
Color temperature in lamps is given what kind of degree?
Kelvin
If the temperature of a light is higher the light will be what?
Brighter
Warm light temp ranges are what?
2700K - 3000K
Cool light temp ranges are what?
3500K - 4100K
What are warm light temps good for?
- Hotels
- Bedrooms
- Restaurants that want a cozy, warm, and intimate feel
- HOmes
Warm, almost yellow-ish light
What are cool light temps good for?
- Offices
- Reception areas
- Classrooms
- Any place you wish to create an inviting feeling
Coolm clean and efficient
Daylight temp ranges are what?
5000K - 6500K
What is daylight temp good for?
- Accent you wish to highlight
- Galleries
- Jewerly Stores
- Hospitals
- Museums
Extremely white, slight hint of blue
Color rending index is what?
How well a given light source will render color
Qualitly of light
The higher the CRI number an object will look what?
1-100
Vibrant
Natural sunlight has a CRI number of what?
100
Anything with a CRI value of 50 or less will make an object look what?
Unnatural
General Ambient Lighting fixtures are
- Combo of direct and indirect lighitng
- Wall scones
- Table & floor lamps
- Surface mounted
- Recessed
- Any light that offers a soft and diffused lighitng
Accent lighting fixtures are
- Converts details of the space into a focal point
- Draws attenction to a special options or architectural feature
- Track light
- Picture light
- wall washers
Task lighting fixtures are
- Lighting focused on the area where a particular task will be perfomred
- Under-cabinet lighting
- Pendants over a counter
- Reading lamp
- FLoor or table lamp
What drawing is lighitng shown on?
RCP
Direct lighitng systems provides what percentage of light output on the task?
90 - 100%
Semi-direct lighting is what?
- Splits the output of light
- 60-90% down (floor)
- 10-40% up (clg)
Direct-indirect lighitng is what?
Equal amounts of light btween floor and ceiling
Indirect lighitng provides what percentage of light output to the ceiling?
90 - 100%
What is task-ambinet light common in?
commerical building design
ALL light fixtures are required to be insalled in a box rated for a minimum of how many lbs (NEC)?
50
When fixtures are located in a Fire-rated assembly, the mechanical part (back end) of the fixture must be what?
Rated
Otherwise, a fully enclosed rated box must be built around it
ALL fixtures located in wet locations must be rated for?
Wet or damp locations
Pendant fixtures over showers must be
- 8’ ABOVE the top of tub rim or shower threshold (or floor if no threshold)
- 3’ away from shower or tub
What is the minimum distance between the bottom of fixxture and storage or clothes in a closet?
6” - 12”
Egress lighting levels at floor level must be what?
1FC (11lux)
Exit Sign illumination lighting level
5FC (54lux)
Office lighitng level
25-50FC
Public spaces lighitng level
3FC
Intensity is what?
- Light at the source
- Unit of measure is Candela
Flux is what?
- Ligt that lsow in Air
- Unit of measure is Lumen
Illuminance is what?
- Density of light on a surface
- Unit of measure is Footcandle
Exitance is what?
- Total light OFF a surface
- Unit of measure is lm/ft
Luminance is what?
- Specific off a surface
- Unit of measure is cd/ft
1 Candle equals how many FC?
1
1 FC equals how many LUX?
11
Candela is what?
Brightness from source
laser beam
Luminaire is what?
Formal name of what we commonly refer to as Light Fixtures
What is circadian rhythm?
Refers to functions within our body that occur approximately every 24-hours.
Light to wake, dark to fall asleep
What spaces are good for Southern sun exposure?
- All living spaces
- Family rooms
- Living rooms
What spaces are NOT good for Southern sun exposure?
- Any space that requries darkness
- Bedrroms
- Bathrooms
- TV/Theater Room
What spaces are good for Eastern sun exposure?
- Spaces used in the morning
- Bedrooms
- Breakfast nook
What spaces are NOT good for Eastern sun exposure?
- Spaces that cannot tolerate variable light
- Art studio
What spaces are good for Northern sun exposure?
- No daylight required
- Storage
- Photographers studio
- Laundry room
What spaces are NOT good for Northern sun exposure?
Frequently used rooms and sunrooms.
What spaces are good for Western sun exposure?
- Spaces used in the morning
- Bedrooms
- Breakfast nook
What spaces are NOT good for Northern sun exposure?
Spaces that cannot tolerate variable light
Occupant sensors are required in all
- Classrooms
- Confrence/meeting rooms
- Copy/Print rooms
- Lounges/breakrooms
- Offices -open/closed
- Restrooms
- Storage rooms
- Spaces 300 sqft or less that are encloused
Occupant sensors are NOT required where?
- Areas designated as security or emergency areas that are required to be
continuously lighted. - Interior exit stairways, interior exit ramps and exit passageways.
- Emergency egress lighting that is normally off
Lighting Needs: Watts per SQ FT
This is one of the most simple calculations to do and memorize. It consists of Dividing the total watts by the total square footage of an area
Watts per SF = Total watts ÷ Total SF
Example:
A 2,010 SF room has lamps with a wattage of 6,000 W total
6,000 ÷ 2010 = 2.99 W/SF
The formula can be reversed to find the total wattage for the room.
Lighting Load
This formula is used to determine how many circuits are required and how many amps per circuit
A(mps) = W(atts) ÷ V(olts)
This formula is used to determine how many watts can be on a circuit based on voltage
W(atts) = A(mps) x V(olts)
This formula is used determine the voltage in a circuit given watts and amps
V(olts) = W(atts) ÷ A(mps)
FC Needed (level of brightness)
Lumen Method
This method is used to find how many footcandles (FC) are needed in a room
E= Illuminance (or footcandles)
E = Total Lumens ÷ AREA
= lamp lumens x # lamps x # luminaires
AREA
Lumen Method Example
Car Showroom
You know the lamps specified have 2,200 Lumens each
There are 2 lamps per luminaire.
There are 14 luminaires total.
The room is 25 x 30
How many FC are in this room?
Let’s do the math
2,200 x 2 x 14 = 61,600 Lumens
61,600 ÷ 750 SF (25x30)
Total = 82 FC
The answer is 82 FC (sf) in the room.
