light dependant and independent reaction Flashcards
what two things does the independent reaction require
-atp
-reduced NADP from the light dependant stage
which enzyme cataycles the LIR
-rubisco
what is the name of the Carbon dioxide acceptor in the light independent reaction
ribulose bisphosphate (5c)
what does the combining of ribulose bisphospahte and co2 produce
2 molecules of 3 phosphate (gp)
what is produced when glycerine 3 phospahte is reduced using reduced NADP
-2 x triose phospahte
what is required for the production of 2 x triose phospahte
the hydrolysis of atp for energy
describe the steps of the light independent reaction
-c02 diffuses into a leaf through the stomata
-to the stroma of the chloroplasts
-where co2 molecules combine with co2 acceptor ribulose bisphosphate (5c)
-which is catalysed by the enzyme rubisco
-which forms 2 x glycerate 3 phosphate
-using the hydrolysis of atp , this 2 x glycerine 3 phospahte becomes reduced using reduced NADP producing 2 x triose phospahte (3c)
-triose phospahe is used to regenerate RUBP
what is triose phosphate used to do
-form all photosynthetic products like glucose , fatty acids and glycerol
-regenerate the carbon dioxide acceptor ribulose bisphospahte
what are the main limitingg factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis
-co2
-light
-temp for enzymes
where do the light dependant reaction occur
-the grana of the chloroplasts
what does the light dependant action produce
ATP
REDUCED NADP
OXYGEN
describe the steps of the light dependant reaction
1)light is absorbed by the first chlorophyll , exciting an electron to a higher energy level (photo ionisation )
2) electron gains energy and leaves chlorophyll
3) photolysis of water which releases protons , oxygen and electrons to replace those lost -sent to first chlorophyll
4) electrons move down the ECT from carrier to carrier , releasing energy
5) electrons are transferred to the next chlorophyll
6)where photoionisation occurs , moving an electron to the higher energy level
7)these electrons are accepted by NADP
8) the protons released in photolysis of water , reduce this NADP
describe the chemiosmotic theory of ATP production in light dependant reaction
1) electrons release energy in the ECT when moving down the carrier
2) this energy released provides energy for protons (h+) to pump protons from the stroma to the thylakoid
3) creating a proton concentration gradient in the thylakoid
4) which means the protons can diffuse from the thylakoid to the stroma of chloroplast down atp synthase (enzyme )
5)the energy used to transfer these protons , provides energy to phosphorylate ADP ,forming ATP
what are the laws of limiting factors
-carbon dioxide
-light
-temp for enzymes
