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Year 8 > Light and Sound ETT > Flashcards

Light and Sound ETT Flashcards

1
Q

What happens if you increase the amplitude of a sound wave?

A

The volume increases.

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2
Q

What is wavelength?

A

The length of one wave, from peak to peak or trough to trough.

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3
Q

What is frequency measured in (the units)?

A

Hz, Hertz

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4
Q

What will a wave with a high frequency sound like?

A

High pitched.

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5
Q

What will a wave with a low frequency sound like?

A

Low pitched.

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6
Q

What is a reflection of a sound wave called?

A

Echo

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7
Q

Why are echoes always quieter than the original sound?

A

Some of the sound wave’s energy is absorbed by the surface the wave is reflecting off.

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8
Q

Through which state does sound travel fastest?

A

Solid.

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9
Q

Why does sound travel faster in water than in air?

A

The particles in water are closer together so it takes less time for each particle to transfer its energy to the next one.

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10
Q

Name the 2 types of wave.

A

Transverse, Longitudinal

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11
Q

In what direction do the particles oscillate in a transverse wave?

A

At 90 degrees to direction of the wave.

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12
Q

In what direction do the particles oscillate in a Longitudinal wave?

A

Parallel to the direction of the wave.

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13
Q

What type of wave is a sound wave?

A

Longitudinal

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14
Q

What causes a sound wave?

A

A vibration

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15
Q

Why cant a sound wave travel through a vacuum?

A

There are no particles to transfer the energy.

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16
Q

What do all waves transfer?

A

Energy

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17
Q

What is the speed of sound in air?

A

340 m/s

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18
Q

Why do you see the flash of a firework before you hear the BANG!?

A

Light travels much faster then sound.

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19
Q

Which part of the ear vibrates first when receiving a sound wave.

A

The ear drum.

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21
Q

What is an echo?

A

A reflected sound wave.

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21
Q

What equation that links speed, distance and time?

speed = _______ / ________

A

Speed (m/s) = Distance (m) / Time (s)

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22
Q

Describe the amplitude and frequency of a low pitched, loud sound wave.

A

Large amplitude and a low frequency.

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23
Q

Describe a high pitched, quiet sound wave.

A

Small amplitude and a high frequency.

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24
Q

What is the name of this part of the ear?

A

Auditory canal

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25
Q

What is the name of this part of the ear?

A

Ear Drum

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26
Q

What is the name of this part of the ear?

A

Ossicles

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27
Q

What is the name of this part of the ear?

A

Semi-Circular Canals

28
Q

What is the name of this part of the ear?

A

Cochlea

29
Q

What is the name of this part of the ear?

A

Auditory nerve

30
Q

What is the range of human hearing?

A

20 to 20000 Hz

31
Q

What is a medical use of ultrasound?

A

Taking images of unborn babies

32
Q

Name one animal that uses ultrasound to catch its food

A

Bat

33
Q

What is ‘loudness’ measured in?

A

Decibels

34
Q

Compare the sound of the two waves in the image in terms of loudness and pitch.

A
  • They have the same loudness.
  • Wave B has a higher pitch.
35
Q

Name the properties of the wave labelled a) and b)

A

a) Wavelength
b) Amplitude

36
Q

Name the two regions of a longitudinal wave labelled ‘C’ and ‘R’.

A

C = compression

R = rarefaction

37
Q

What does frequency mean?

A

The number of complete waves passing a certain point in a second (1 Hz is 1 wave per second)

38
Q

Compare the sound of the two waves in the image in terms of loudness and pitch.

A
  • They have the same pitch.
  • Wave B is quieter than Wave A.
39
Q

What is the dashed line in a refraction diagram called?

A

Normal

40
Q

What do you call the process whereby light bends as it enters a different medium?

A

Refraction

41
Q

Why does light bend as it moves from air into glass?

A

Glass is denser than air, so the light wave slows down.

42
Q

What is the name given to the imaginary line that’s perpendicular at the point an incident ray meets a surface.

A

Normal Line

43
Q

What colour ball would you see if you were viewing a red ball through a blue filter?

A

Black

44
Q

What colour ball would you see if you were viewing a green ball through a green filter?

A

Green

45
Q

What colour ball would you see if you were viewing a white ball through a red filter?

A

Red

46
Q

What colour ball would you see if you were viewing a white ball through a red filter then a green filter?

A

Black

47
Q

What colour ball would you see if you were viewing a magenta ball through a red filter?

A

Red

48
Q

What colour would an object be if it reflected all wavelengths of light equally?

A

White

49
Q

Describe how a red dress appears to be red.

A

The red dress absorbs all other wavelengths of light except red which it reflects.

50
Q

What colour would an object be if it absorbed all wavelengths of light?

A

Black

51
Q

What are the three primary colours of light?

A

Blue, Green and Red

52
Q

What primary colours of light are mixed to form the following secondary colours?

a) Magenta
b) Cyan
c) Yellow

A

a) Blue and red
b) Green and Blue
c) Green and Red

53
Q

Give the name and function of part a.

A

Cornea

Transparent layer that bends light into the eye.

54
Q

Name the sense organ containing receptors sensitive to light intensity and colour.

A

The eye

55
Q

Give the name and function of part b.

A

Iris

Contains muscles that control the size of the pupil

56
Q

Give the name and function of part c.

A

Lens

Focusses light on the retina

57
Q

Give the name and function of part d.

A

Ciliary muscles

Help control the shape of the lens

58
Q

Give the name and function of part E.

A

Suspensory ligaments

Help control the shape of the lens

59
Q

Give the name and function of part F.

A

Sclera

Tough outer layer for protection

60
Q

Give the name and function of part G.

A

Retina

Contains light receptor cells - where the image is formed

61
Q

Give the name and function of part H.

A

Optic nerve

Carries impulses from retina to brain

62
Q

What is the name for an object that “gives out light”?

A

Luminous

63
Q

What is the “law of reflection”?

A

angle of incidence = angle of reflection

64
Q

What is the order of colours in visible light, starting from red?

A

Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet

65
Q

Which colour of visible light has the longest wavelength?

A

Red

66
Q

Which colour of visible light has the shortest wavelength?

A

Violet

Year 8 (12 decks)

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