Light and Optical Systems - Ch1 Flashcards
What were Pythagoras’ ideas about light?
He thought light consisted of beams.
He also believed light came from our eyes.
The problem with Pythagoras’s idea was…
It didn’t take into account that we can’t see in the dark!
Who was Euclid? Tell me what he did.
a Greek mathetician,
he said light travels in straight lines,
used mirrors to prove himself
al - Haytham wrote his own book on optics, what did he accurately describe?
How vision worked!
- light bounces off objects and travels TO the eyes instead of other way round
Describe Sir Isaac Newton’s Light Experiment
he shone white light through a prism to prove that it was made up of multiple different colours
- when shone through 2 prisms it would return back to white
Ole Romer was pretty cool, what did he do to show the speed of light?
he placed 2 mirros on two mountains,
then he sent a beam of light from one mirror to the other,
he was able to measure how long it took for the light beam to travel from mirror to mirror
Tell me the approximate speed of light
300 000 km/s
In 1920, who refined Ole Romer’s method?
Michelson
Optic devices are
technonology that uses light
Microbiology is
the study of micro organisms
microscopes do what?
allwo you to see great detail by using at least 2 lenses
Briefly describe telescopes and what they use to collect light
devices that make distant things appear bigger, and they use lenses and/or mirrors to collect light
Reflecting Telescopes contain
one large circular mirror with another inside which directs light to the eyepiece
Refracting Telescopes have
2 lenses on each end of a long tube, larger lense gather lights and directs it towards eyepiece
What happens to light when we refer to refraction?
LIGHT BENDS!
Which telescope is better for viewing the moon and the planets?
A refracting telescope
Provide a little description on binoculars
two short refracting telescopes put togther, convenient but not super powerful
Give me the 5 properties of light
Travels in rays
Can be reflected
It can bend (refract)
Its a form of energy
Travel at approximately 300 000 km/s
What do ray diagrams explain regarding light?
Brightness and intensity of light changes with distance.
Rays are
the straight lines in which light travels
shadow gets ___________ as object moves closer to light source, and it gets __________ when further way.
bigger, smaller
In point form, tell about transparent, translucent, and opaque objects.
- transparency, when all light is transmitted, there is no shadow
-translucent, when some light goes through, slight shadow
-opaque, no light goes through, shadow is formed
Reflection is the reason we…
can see anything!
In regular reflection light bounces off of smooth surfaces, what happens to light in a diffused reflection?
Light reflects in a scattered way due to the rough surface - No image is reflected
What is the law of reflection?
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
a of i = a of r
Where is the angle of incidence located?
between the ray of incidence and the normal
Where is the angle of reflection located?
between the normal and the reflected ray
Name the 3 types of mirrors, along with a brief description.
Plane Mirror - FLAT
Concave mirrors curve inward like the inside of a spoon
Convex mirrors bulge out like the back of a spoon
Tell me what happens to the rays as well as the image’s size in a concave mirror.
The rays converge and come together at a focal point before crossing over.
Past the focal point image is much larger.
Tell me what happens to the rays as well as the image’s size in a convex mirror.
Light rays are spread out and the image is much smaller.
Light moves at different speeds depending on the density of the medium.
True or False
True
The process of bending light is called
refraction
The angle of refraction is located
between the refracted ray and the normal line.
Light will move _________ through less dense mediums.
faster
The Index of Refraction detrmines
how much it will cause the light to bend
Concave lenses are bent inwards, which cause the rays to
be bent outwards
Convex lenses are bent outwards which does what to the rays?
Rays are bent inwards and converge, meeting at a focal point before crossing over
Changing the curve on lenses also changes the __________________ of the image
magnification
