Ligaments and other underrated things

Question 1

The radial collateral ligament of the elbow resists….

Answer 1

Medial –> Lateral forces

(Varus forces)

Question 2

The Ulnar Collateral Ligament resists what?

Answer 2

Lateral –> Medial forces

Valgus Forces

Question 3

What does the Annular Ligament do?

Answer 3

Hold radial head inside of radial notch of ulna as it rotates during pro/sup

Question 4

The Tommy John Surgery is for what ligament, and what is the usual cause?

Answer 4

Ulnar collateral ligament

overuse throwing

Question 5

What motion stresses the Annular ligament?

Answer 5

Pronation

Question 6

What does the Quadrate ligament do?

Answer 6

Attaches the Radial notch of the ulna to the Radial head

Question 7

What does the Oblique cord do?

Answer 7

It runs from the Radial Notch of the Ulna to the Radial Tuberosity

It prevents inferior translation of the radius “Pulled elbow”

Question 8

What structure connects the Anterior and Posterior radio-ulnar ligaments?

Answer 8

TFCC

Question 9

Where does the TFCC attach?

Answer 9

Ulnar styloid process

Question 10

The anterior and posterior Sternoclavicular ligaments do what?

Answer 10

Anterior= limits anterior translation of clavicle

Posterior= limits posterior translation of clavicle

Question 11

What does the costo-clavicular ligament do?

Answer 11

Limits clavicular elevation and superior glide

Question 12

What does the intra-clavicular ligament do?

Answer 12

Limits depression and downward glide

Question 13

What does the conoid ligament of the coracoclavicular ligament do?

Answer 13

Prevents verticle displacement of clavicle

Question 14

What does the Trapezoid ligament of the coracoclavicular ligament do?

Answer 14

Guides clavicle during rotation

Question 15

Where is the clavicle most commonly fractured?

Answer 15

Central third

Also most common in children

Question 16

What is a bankart injury?

Answer 16

Injury to anterior labrum of shoulder, makes dislocation/subluxation more likely in the future

Question 17

Which carpal bone articulates with the base of the thumb

Answer 17

Trapezium

Question 18

The CMC joint of the thumb is considered a

Answer 18

Basilar joint

Question 19

What ligament goes over the carpal tunnel and contains the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 19

Transverse Carpal Ligament

Question 20

Whats the purpose of the palmar aponeurosis?

Answer 20

Protects neurovascular structures in palm

Question 21

What creates the “Anatomical Snuff Box”

Answer 21

1st Extensor Compartment containing the APL and EPB

3rd Extensor Compartment containing EPL

Question 22

What does the term functional joint mean?

Answer 22

No joint capsule

(Scapulothoracic joint)

Question 23

What are the characteristics of a Synovial joint?

Answer 23

-Fluid Filled joint cavity

-Articular capsule

-Articular cartilage

Question 24

What dermatome can be mistaken for the Ulnar periphrial nerve?

Answer 24

C8

Question 25

Can the artery be impinged at the suprascapular notch?

Answer 25

No, because the artery goes over the tunnel.

Question 26

A scalene block does not anesthetize what part of the brachial plexus?

Answer 26

The inferior trunk

Question 27

What the most common cause of periphrial neuropathy?

Answer 27

diabetes

Question 28

What can cause thoracic outlet syndrome?

Answer 28

Entrapment from a cervical rib OR between 1st rib and clavicle (most common) Pec Minor tightness*

Question 29

What are 5 methods of entrapment for the brachial plexus?

Answer 29

Between anterior/middle scalene Deep to pec minor between clavicle and first rib having an extra cervical rib or having your UE in hyperabduction

Question 30

The radial nerve does what 2 thumb movements?

Answer 30

Abduction and extension. It is the only nerve to do thumb extension

Question 31

Myotome of giving a thumbs up?

Answer 31

C8

Question 32

Myotome of spreading fingers?

Answer 32

T1

Question 33

C7 myotome

Answer 33

Elbow extension Finger flexion/extension

Question 34

C6 myotome?

Answer 34

Elbow flexion

Question 35

Palmar interossei does not attach on what digit?

Answer 35

3rd digit

Question 36

What 2 nerves get the entire brachial plexus?

Answer 36

Radial and Median

Question 37

The AIN of median nerve innervates...

Answer 37

Half of FDP FPL Pronator Quadratus

Question 38

The Recurrent branch of the median nerve innervates what?

Answer 38

APB FPB OPP

Question 39

The digital branch of the median nerve innervates what?

Answer 39

Lateral 2 lumbricals and palm sensation

Question 40

The Median Nerve (regular nerve, no branches) innervates what?

Answer 40

Pronator Teres Flexor Carpi Radialis Palmaris Longus Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Question 41

Ulnar transposition surgery...

Answer 41

Removal of ulnar nerve from cubital tunnel to anterior to the medial epicondyle

Question 42

What are the borders of guyons canal? What runs through it?

Answer 42

Volar carpal ligament Pisiform Hook of hamate Ulnar artery and nerve

Question 43

What goes through the cubital fossa?

Answer 43

Bicep Tendon Brachial Artery Median Nerve Median Cubital Vein