Ligaments Flashcards
Anterior Sternoclavicular Ligament Function
Resists retraction and depression, reinforces joint capsule
Posterior Sternoclavicular Ligament Function
Resists protraction and depression, reinforces joint capsule
Interclavicular Ligament Function
Restricts depression
Costoclavicular Ligament Function
Restricts elevation, protraction, and retraction; according to Groh and Wirth (2011), primary restraint to longitudinal rotation
AC ligaments Function
Restricts anterior and posterior movement of the distal clavicle with respect to the scapula (Bontempo and Mazzocca, 2010)
CC ligament (trapezoid and conoid ligaments) Function
Primary restraint to vertical translation of the AC Joint, strengthens connection of the scapula and clavicle, promotes scapulohumeral motion (Bontempo and Mazzocca, 2010)
Trapezoid ligament Function
Restraint to compression forces at the AC joint (Bontempo and Mazzocca, 2010)
Conoid ligament Function
The primary restraint to vertical translation at larger degrees of AC joint translation (Bontempo and Mazzocca, 2010)
Superior GH ligament Function
Adduction; inferior and anterior-posterior translation of humeral head
Middle GH ligament Function
Anterior translation of humeral head (especially in 45-60° of abduction); external rotation
Inferior GH ligament
(anterior band, posterior band, and axillary pouch) Function
Axillary pouch: 90° of abduction, combined with anterior-posterior and inferior translations
Anterior band: 90° of abduction and full external rotation; anterior translation
Posterior band: 90° of abduction and full internal rotation
Coracohumeral ligament Function
Adduction; inferior translation of humeral head; external rotation
Glenoid labrum Function
50% of overall depth of glenoid fossa; increases contact area with humeral head, stabilizes joint
Biceps brachii (long head) Function
In active state, restricts anterior translation of humeral head
Rotator cuff muscles (Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor) Function
Provide actively stabilizes GH joint during dynamic activities
Anterior Sacroiliac Ligament Function
Provides stabilization to anterior aspect of SI joint
Iliolumbar Ligament Function
Provides stabilization to anterior aspect of SI joint; counters motion of L4 and L5 on pelvis
Interosseous SI Ligaments Function
Resists nutation
Long Posterior Sacroiliac Ligament Function
Resists counter-nutation
Short Posterior Sacroiliac Ligament Function
Provide stability to posterior aspect of SI joint
Sacrotuberous Ligament Function
Resists nutation
Sacrospinous Ligament Fxn
Resists nutation
Superior pubic ligament Fxn
Debatable whether it stabilizes the joint or is functionally insignificant
Inferior (arcuate or subpubic) pubic ligament Fxn
Insufficient data supporting purpose
Anterior pubic ligament Fxn
Maintains stability of pubic symphysis
Superficial fibers connect with the insertions of rectus abdominis and external/internal abdominal oblique tendons
Possibly blends with interpubic disc
Posterior pubic ligament Fxn
Unknown purpose
Interpubic disc Fxn
Site of connective tissue fibers; aids in providing stability to pubic symphysis
Iliofemoral ligament (Y-ligament) Fxn
Taut in extension, external rotation, and internal rotation
Pubofemoral ligament Fxn
Taut in abduction, extension, and external rotation
Ischiofemoral ligament Fxn
Taut in extension, adduction, and internal rotation
Medial collateral ligament Fxn
Resists valgus, extension, extremes of axial rotation
Lateral collateral ligament Fxn
From lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fibula Resists varus, extension, extremes of axial rotation
Posterior capsule (oblique popliteal ligament and posterior-lateral capsule) Fxn
Resists extension, external rotation, varus
Anterior cruciate ligament Fxn
Resists extension, anterior translation of tibia/posterior translation of femur, extremes of varus, valgus and axial rotation
Posterior cruciate ligament Fxn
Resists flexion, posterior translation of tibia/anterior translation of femur, extremes of varus, valgus and axial rotation
Menisci Fxn
Shock absorption
Patellar ligament Fxn
Restricts excessive superior translation; attachment for quadriceps femoris
Medial retinaculum Fxn
Restricts excessive lateral and superior translation
Lateral retinaculum Fxn
Restricts excessive medial and superior translation
Anterior tibiofibular ligament Fxn
Maintains articulation between tibia and fibula
Posterior tibiofibular ligament Fxn
Maintains articulation between tibia and fibula
Ligaments resisting DTFJ distraction
anterior tibiofibular, posterior tibiofibular, and interosseous tibiofibular ligament*
Deltoid ligament Fxn
Limits eversion
Anterior talofibular ligament Fxn
Resist inversion*, adduction and anterior glide of talus during plantarflexion
Calcaneofibular ligament Fxn
Resists inversion (especially in dorsiflexed position) and posterior glide of talus during ankle dorsiflexion
Posterior talofibular ligament Fxn
Stabilizes the talus within the mortise. Limits excessive abduction of the talus (especially in dorsiflexed position), inversion, and posterior glide of talus during dorsiflexion
Inferior transverse ligament Fxn
Forms the posterior wall of the talocrural joint
Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
Bind talus with calcaneus;
Limits extremes of all motions
Cervical ligament
Bind talus with calcaneus;
Limits extremes of all motions
Calcaneofibular ligament (part of LCL)
Limits excessive inversion; Works with anterior talofibular ligament to limits inversion throughout ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion
Tibiocalcaneal fibers of deltoid ligament (MCL)
Limits excessive eversion
Lateral talocalcaneal ligament
Reinforce posterior joint capsule;
Secondary stabilizer
Posterior talocalcaneal ligament
Reinforce posterior joint capsule;
Secondary stabilizer
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament) Fxn
Forms floor and medial wall of talonavicular joint
Interosseous ligament (of subtalar joint)
Reinforce posterior joint capsule
Tibionavicular fibers of deltoid ligament
Reinforce medial joint capsule
Long plantar ligament
Reinforce plantar surface of calcaneocuboid joint Provide structural stability to lateral column of foot
Short plantar ligament (plantar calcaneocuboid ligament)
Reinforce plantar surface of calcaneocuboid joint
Provide structural stability to lateral column of foot
Transverse metatarsal ligaments
Restricts abduction by connecting metatarsals
Annular ligament
Stabilizes the radial head against the ulna; restricts distraction of the radius and external rotation
Quadrate ligament
Supports the capsule of the PRUJ throughout motion; limits the spin of radial head in supination and pronation
Palmar radioulnar ligament
Limit supination
Dorsal radioulnar ligament
Limit pronation
Articular Disc of TFCC
Primary stabilizer of the DRUJ