Lifespan Psychology Flashcards

Question

What is Rerouting?

Answer 1

New neural connections are made between a neuron and other active neurons.

Answer 2

Growth of new dendrites enable the neuron to form new connections with others.

Answer 3

It helps coordinate responses to things in the environment, especially the things that trigger an emotional response. Pubertal hormones also target the amygdala and powerful sensations become compelling.

Answer 4

The amygdala is usually under control from the pre frontal cortex but during adolescence it is directly controlled by emotions due to the connections to the pre frontal cortex not being fully formed yet. The amygdala controls the levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, and since its controlled by emotions it means adolescence are more emotional and responsive to stress and rewards.

Answer 5

The fibers in the corpus callosum thicken and strengthen. The cortex is the last one to fully develop. They also are developing their white matter, and while its growing they have less connections between brain regions leading to poor planning, and reduced emotional regulation. Less impulse control.

Answer 6

Schemas are cognitive frameworks or concepts that help people organize and interpret information. People can modify, add to or change schemas or can make a brand new one.

Answer 7

1) Equilibration 2) Disequilibrium

Answer 8

1) Accommodation 2) Assimilation

Answer 9

When a new experience does not fit to existing knowledge.

Answer 10

The balance of assimilation and accommodation to create a stable understanding.

Answer 11

How people adapt current knowledge structures in response to new experiences, it can either modify an existing schema or make a new one.

Answer 12

How people translate incoming information into a form they can understand. Basically if it fits into a schema or not.

Answer 13

There are distinct, hierarchical stages that children progress through, each building off the previous one. There is no set time frame but the stages happen in the same order every time.

Answer 14

1) Sensorimotor 2) Pre-operational 3) Concrete Operational 4) Formal Operational

Answer 15

1) Birth - 2 (Sensorimotor) 2) 2 - 6 (Pre Operational) 3) 6 - 12 (Concrete Operational) 4) 12+ (Formal Operational)

Answer 16

They focus on physical sensations and on learning to co-ordinate their body. At 8ish months they begin to learn object permanence.

Answer 17

1) Birth - 1 month 2) 1 - 4 months 3) 4 - 8 months 4) 8 - 12 months 5) 12 - 18 months 6) 18 - 24 months

Answer 18

The idea that an object still exists even though you cant see it.

Answer 19

A typical A-not-B task goes like this: An experimenter hides an attractive toy under box "A" within the baby's reach. The baby searches for the toy, looks under box "A", and finds the toy. This activity is usually repeated several times (always with the researcher hiding the toy under box "A"). Then, in the critical trial, the experimenter moves the toy under box "B", also within easy reach of the baby. Babies of 10 months or younger typically make the perseveration error, meaning they look under box "A" even though they saw the researcher move the toy under box "B", and box "B" is just as easy to reach. This demonstrates a lack of, or incomplete, schema of object permanence. Children of 12 months or older typically do not make this error. (That was copy and pasted sorry for it being so lengthy)