Lifespan Development-ch21: Promoting Health From Conception To Adolescence Flashcards
Period during puberty when sudden and dramatic physical changes occur
Adolescent growth spurt
Reduced visual acuity in one eye
Amblyopia
A scoring system to assess newborn babies
Apgar score and system
Sweat glands located largely in the axillae. And anogenital areas; they begin to function at puberty under the influence of androgens
Apocrine glands
A screening test used to assess children from birth to six years of age
Denver developmental screening test (DDST)
Glands that produce sweat; found over most of the body
Eccrine glands
The outer layer of tissue formed in the second week of life
Ectoderm
Expulsion of seminal fluid and sperm
Ejaculation
The phase during which the fertilized ovum develops into an organism with most of the features of human
Embryonic phase
Normal refraction so that the eyes focus images on the retina
Emmetropic
The inner layer of tissue formed in the second week of life
Endoderm
A unique syndrome in which the infant falls below the 5th percentile for weight and height on the standard growth chart or is falling in percentiles on the growth chart
Failure to thrive (FTT)
Characterized by a period of rapid growth of the size of the fetus; both genetic and environmental factors affect its growth
Fetal phase
Unossified membranous gaps in the bone structure of the skull of a newborn that make molding of the head possible
Fontanels
Farsightedness
Hyperopia
Perceiving ones self as similar to and behaving like another person
Identification
An important part of preschoolers’ life (the preschooler has an active imagination and fantasizes in play)
Imagination
The assimilation of the attributes of others
Introjection
The fine, wooly hair or down on the shoulders, back, sacrum, and earlobes of the unborn child that may remain for a few weeks after birth
Lanugo
Onset of menstruation
Menarche
Middle layer of the embryonic tissue that forms during the first 3 weeks of life
Mesoderm
Nearsightedness
Myopia
Normal head circumference at birth, usually 35 cm (14 in )
Normocephaly
Assume great importance and have a number of functions: provide a sense of belonging, pride, social learning, and sexual roles; most peer groups have well-defined, sex-specific modes of acceptable behavior and in adolescence, the peer groups change with age
Peer groups
A flat, disc-shaped organ that is highly vascular and normally forms in the upper segment of the endometrium of the uterus; exchanges nutrients and gases between the fetus and the mother
Placenta
Relate to the organs necessary for reproduction, such as the testes, penis, vagina, and uterus
Primary sexual characteristics
The first stage of adolescence in which sexual organs begin to grow and mature
Puberty
A defense mechanism in which one adapts behavior that was comforting earlier in life to overcome the discomfort and insecurity of the present situation
Regression
A defense mechanism in which painful thoughts, experiences, and impulses are removed from awareness
Repression
Active under the influence of androgens in both males and females, which secrete sebum and become most active on the face, neck, shoulder, upper back, and chest; are often the cause of an increased incidence of acne
Sebaceous glands
Physical characteristics that differentiate the male from the female but do not relate directly to reproduction
Secondary sexual characteristics
The collection of ideas, feelings, and beliefs one has about oneself
Self-concept
The fear and frustration experienced by young children that comes with parental absences
Separation anxiety
Violent shaking of the infant by the arms or shoulders causing a whiplash, which can lead to severe injury and infants
Shaken baby syndrome (SBS)
The ability to recognize objects by touching and manipulating them
Stereognosis
Cross-eye
Strabismus
The sudden and unexpected death of an infant
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
Junction lines of the skull bones
Sutures
Anything that adversely affects normal cellular development in the embryo or fetus
Teratogen
The 3-month periods during pregnancy marking certain landmarks for developmental changes in mother and fetus; three trimesters occur during a pregnancy
Trimesters
A protective covering that develops over the unborn fetus’s skin; a white, cheese-like substance that adheres to the skin and can become 1/8-inch thick by birth
Vernix caseosa
The period during which a person becomes physically and psychologically mature and acquires a personal identity
Adolescence
